Career Development

Question 1

Ann Roe

Answer 1

-Personality/needs based approach to occupational selection.
-Occupational classification=fields and levels (ex. technology @ prof.managerial level)
-Choice influenced by genetics, parent-child interaction, current needs, needs developed as a child, unconscious motivators, environment, interests, education, and intelligence
-Job satisfies an unconscious need

Question 2

Super (Developmental Career Theorist)

Answer 2

Focused on development of self-concept

Life roles have impact on career choice

life career rainbow (can play number of roles in multiple theaters)

5 Vocational developmental tasks-reach vocational maturity:
1. growth
2. exploration
3. establishment
4. maintenance
5. decline

Question 3

Gelatt Decision-Making Model

Answer 3

Information=fuel for decision

Decision-making=continuous process

3 systems: predictive, value, decision

1. Predictive
   -concerned with probable alternatives, actions, possibilities (choices, possibilities, outcomes)
2. Value
   -preferences regarding the outcomes
3. Decision
   -the method of making choices

Question 4

Purpose of career counseling related to Cognitive Information Processing

Answer 4

To improve client’s problem solving and decision-making skills in relation to career choices

Question 5

Developmental Career Stages (Ginzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad, and Herma)

Answer 5

1. Fantasy stage (birth-11yr)
2. Tentative stage (11yr-17yr)
   Understand preferences, talents aptitudes
   Gaining self-awareness
3. Realistic stage (17yr-24yr)
   -Exploration (Employed but open to other)
   -Crystallization (Final choice)
   -Specification

Question 6

trait-and-factor-matching theory (Williamson)

Answer 6

based off Parson

attempts to match the worker and work environment

three steps to implement approach
1. knowledge of self, aptitudes, interests
2. knowledge of jobs- advantages and disadvantages
3. matching the individual with work

Question 7

social learning approach to career choice (Krumboltz)

Answer 7

based on Bandura

guided imagery (imagine a day in the future working in the job/ receiving an award for outstanding performance in the position)

RJP: realistic job preview - contact a worker in the field and interview them

behavioristic

Question 8

OOH

Answer 8

Occupational Outlook Handbook

revised every 2 years

highlights salient factors of the job, necessary training, earnings, and advancement opportunities

trends in job market

Question 9

Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT)

Answer 9

lists approximately 20,000 job titles

each job given 9 digit code
-first 3 = occupational category
-middle 3 = talks in relation to data, people, + things
-last 3 = alphabetize the titles

Question 10

underemployment

Answer 10

when a worker is engaged in a position which is below their skill level

Question 11

self-efficacy theory (Bandura)

Answer 11

one’s belief or expectation of being successful in an occupation causes the individual to gravitate toward that particular occupation

Question 12

Self-Directed Search (SDS)

Answer 12

based on Holland’s work and yields scores on his six types

self-administered, self-scored, self-interpreted