Diabetes/Insulin COPY Flashcards

1
Q

what do Sulfonylureas do?

SE?

A

increase secretion of insulin
(can only be effective if theres functioning beta cells)

pt education: monitor for s/s for hypoglycemia

think: since ur increasing insulin production

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2
Q

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor action

A

delay glucose absorption in GI tract causing smaller increase post prandially (

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3
Q

anti-hyperglycemic drug, why?

type?

A

metformin- b/c it increases glucose use by muscle and fat cells

type: biguanide

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4
Q

SE of glitzaones (thiazolidinediones)**

A

risk of CHF and edema

hint: its not all glitzy glam if it can give u CHF and edema

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5
Q

CI for meglitinides

A

skip dose if u skip meal

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6
Q

which drug can i use that causes the growth of beta cells?

type

A

Sitagliptin (Januvia)

dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4 Inhibitors)

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7
Q

which is the drug that causes you to urinate blood glucose?

type?

A

Empagliflozin (Jardiance)
Canaglifozin (invokana)
Dapagliflozin (Farxiga)

hint: it will be out in a jiffy, jif

sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitor

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8
Q

which drug activates dopamine receptors in the CNS?

A

Bromocriptine (Clycoset)

neurotransmitter manipulation- IN BRAIN to control blood glucose

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9
Q

How often is eventide (byetta) given

type?

A

daily

incretin hormone- 2B’s

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10
Q

How often is Exematide ER (bydureon) given

type?

A

once a week

subQ

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11
Q

amylin analog drug is called

SE

A

Pramlintide (symlin)

nausea
sensation of fullness
hypoglycemia

Reminder: amylin decreases blood sugar

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12
Q

route Pramlintide (Symlin) is injected***

A

subcutaneous injection

do not mix in the same syringe with insulin

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13
Q

What type of medical condition can use an amylin analog?

A

type II diabetics

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14
Q

type II diabetic with needle eversion can use

A

Pramlintide (symlin)
afreeza
insulin pump

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15
Q

which are the GLPs that are taken daily

A

Victoza (liraglutide)

Adlyxin (lixisenatide)

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16
Q

Which are the types of GLPs need to be taken weekly

A

Trulicity (Dulaglutide)
Tanzeum (albiglutide)
ozempic (semaglutide)

17
Q

SE of GLP’s

A

hypoglycemia, weight loss

18
Q

Xultopgy (IDeglira) is a combination ____(drug type), composed of ___ and ____

A

GLP

Tresiba
Victoza (liraglutide)

19
Q

Soliqua (Lixilan) is a combination drug ____ (drug type), composed of ___ and ____

A

Lantus (insulin glargine)
Adlyxin (lixisenatide)

(Hint: Lauras initials)

20
Q

Causes hyperglycemia

A

Bee pollen
Gingo biloba
glucosamine (impaired beta cell function)

21
Q

How can we treat DKA?

A

NS for dehydration**

insulin IV drip

22
Q

post up patient meds

A

insulin with IV dextrose

23
Q

how is glucose gel administered?

A

buccal

24
Q

pt education for sulfonylureas

A

pt education: monitor for s/s for hypoglycemia

25
Q

which type of diabetic can use sulfonylureas

A

type 2- can only work if person has functioning beta cells

26
Q

metformin (type?)

CI?

A
fever
sepsis
trauma
major surgery
acidosis
hepatic/renal dx
CV ot respiratory insufficency
hypoxia
lactic acidosis
27
Q

how often is metformin given

A

1-2 times a day

28
Q

Januvia type

action

A

blocks an enzyme that degrades insulin

beta cell neogenesis

29
Q

CI for DD4 drug?

example of drug

A

Januvia

cannot take with exogenous insulin

30
Q

CI of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor

A

hypoglycemia

DKA- monitor carefully!

31
Q

Dopamine Receptor Agonist- name of drug?

CI?

A

Bromocriptine (Clycoset)

taper*

*Do not use with ergot drugs

32
Q

Dopamine Receptor Agonist- name of drug?

SE?

A

Bromocriptine (Clycoset)

Decreases fatty acids, Decreased bp
dec triglycerides
dizziness
GI symptoms

33
Q

“natural helper hormone”

A
Exenatide (Byetta)
Exematide ER (Bydureon) 

stimulates correct amount of insulin production in pancreas

34
Q

stimulates insulin release

A

GLP receptor agonist

35
Q

risk of GLP’s

A

Thyroid CA, pancreatitis

36
Q

causes hypoglycemia

A
basil
bay leaf
cinnamon
chromium
echinacea
garlic
ginseng
glucomannan
guar gum