AntiCancer Flashcards
Characteristics of neoplastic cells
persistent proliferation
metastases
immortality
invasive growth
how should chemotherapy be given
intermittent
Nursing considerations when using Platinum compounds
Can damage the kidney- (keep pt well hydrated) Emetogenic- vomitting Peripheral Neuropathy Bone marrow suppression Ototoxicity- Tinnitus
What are/What is the action of antimetabolites
folic acid and pyrimidine, purine analogs
these things enter the cell by acting like basic nutrients
think: the name itself should be a hint. AntiMetabolites
Which drug requires leucovarian as a “leucovarian rescue”?
what type of drug is it?
Methrotrexate (Rheumatrex)
which is a antimetabolite
Hypomethylating agent drug action
DNA synthesis inhibition
What drug can i give for conditions such as myelodysplastic syndrome, leukemia, multiple myeloma?
hypomethylating agent
Azacitidine (Vidaza)
hint: it stops these rapidly producing cells from DNA synthesis inhibition
Which drug prevents DNA replication
Azacitidine (Vidaza)
SE of anthracyclines
versus nonanthracyclines
anthracyclines:
severe bone marrow suppression
cardiac damage
nonanthracyclines:
no cardiac injury but bleomycin is toxic to lungs
SE of bleomycin
type of drug is bleomycin?
toxic to lungs
(no cardiac injury)
its a nonanthracycline
what kind of drug can I give for estrogen sensitive breast cancers?
SERMS
affect estrogen positive receptor cells
anti estrogen action
block estrogen and dont allow it to have its growth-promoting effects
when can serms be used
before tx
after tx
also, as a prevention
What is the gold standard for high risk women for breast cancer
tamoxifen (nolavdex)
SE of tamoxifen (Nolavdex)
What is the risk of taking this drug?
hot flashes
fluid retention
menstrual irregularities
(“because its changing the estrogen environment”)
risk= DVT
what population group is the drug Tamoxifen for?
menstruating women, under age 60
what kind of drug can I use on post menopausal women?
Aromatse inhibitors:
which would be:
anastrozole (Arimidex)
Letrozole (Femara)
cylindependent kinase inhibitor:
Oalociclib (vibrance)
SE of aromatase inhibitors
musculoskeletal pain
types of aromatase inhibitor: arimidex and femur
What are the name of the biphosphonates that are given to women who have breast cancer, to treats osteoporosis
Zoledronate (Zometa)
Pamidronate (Aredia)
Denosumab (Xgeva)
hint: ZAX abbreviation
* these drugs are NOT given to treat breast cancer, only osteoporosis (raman stressed)
Prostate cancer: Drug that enhances testosterone?
Leuprolide (eligard)
hint: guarding the manhood :)
drug that is given for an initial prostate tumor flare
leuprolide (eligard) GnRH agonists
hint: guarding the manhood :)
Drug that blocks testosterone for prostate cancer
Degarelix (firmagon) - GnRH antagonists
hint: a FIRM block of testosterone
Ketoconazole use
Anti-fungal
also lowers testosterone
What are the names of the progestins used to treat cancer
Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) Megestrol acetate (Megace)
