AntiCoags Flashcards
INR normal value
1, if on anticoagulant number will be higher
PT (prothrombin time)
9.5-12 s
PTT (partial thromboplastic time)
60-70s intrinsic pathway
if we get an INR value of 3, we would:
administer dose
hold dose
hold dose- let it get metabolized and recheck INR
who receives a d’dimer and bleeding time test
pt receiving thrombolytics
types of heparin
Dalteparin (fragmin)
Enoxaprina (lovenox)
Drug class: heparin action?
prevention of further thrombi/thrombi extension
contraindications for heparin
bleeders
GI bleeders, hemmoragic stroke, coagulapathies etc
You receive a new order for an anticoag, what is your first concern?
get coag’s for a baseline.
monitor coag’s 4 hours after treatement.
if the INR is close to normal levels prescriber will most likely
increase the dose
anticoagulant that requires frequent adjustments, making adhearance troublesome!
coumadin
Which drug class is a DVT prophylaxis and prevent stroke in afib
What drugs belong to this class
Direct factor Xa Inhibitor
Eliquis
Xarelto
pradaxa antidote
what kind of drug is pradaxa?
praxbind
these drugs are Direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI’s)
asa and nsaids action
inhibit prostaglandin synthesis
inhibit aggregations of platelets
if you mix ASA with persantin =
aggrenox
types of antiplatelet meds
Asprin ASA
NSAIDS
(dipyridamole) persantin
aggrenox
platelet reducing drug
what is it used for?
agrylin
used for pts with thrombocytopenia, NOT CARDIAC pts
activating factor 10A inhibitors, names of drugs and routes
Fondaparinux (Arixtra)- parental
Edoxaban (Savaysa)- route SO AP!
PAR-1 drug called
zontivity
what does agrylin do?
reducing production of platlets in the bone marrow
NOT keeping the platelets from aggregating
What is the drug of choice to prevent thrombosis in stented cardiac vessels?
ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS P2Y
What are the types of ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Ticlopidine (Ticlid) (TIA’s)
Ticagrelor (Brilinta)
Prasugrel (Effient)
drug that treats acute coronary syndrome
Ticagrelor (Brilinta)
Adenosince diphosphate receptor antagonist P2Y drug thats “more effective than Plavix”
Ticagrelor (Brilinta)
what drug do we use to prevent clots in stented patients?
P2Y
given as quick IV bolus at time of an MI
integrelin**
anticoag given for intermittent claudication
definition
pain in calves
Cilostazol (Pletal)
what route is integrilin given during MI
IV bolus
PT/PTT values under therapy
1.5-2 times control
A patient being treated with coumadin, what lab values do we look at
PT
INR
A patient taking Heparin we are looking at what lab values
PTT
APTT use the picture slide on S23 (2 T’s)
those with CVD or risk of should have s. cholesterol at
what is the optimal goal level
<100
less than 70
what age group is placed on statin?
40-75
those with ___ conditions should be placed on statins even if their cholesterol is normal
MI CVD TIA PAD angina
Dyslipidemic medication that is a bile acid sequestrant
Colesevelam (Welchol)
Nursing precaution with statin
Hard on liver: monitor LFT’s 6 and 12 weeks
Grapefruit juice increases drug levels
SE of statin
watch for muscle pain and weakness
rhabdomylosis - myopathy
gallstones
contraindications of statin
liver disease
when should a statin be administered?
why?
hour of sleep or evening meal
cholesterol is produced at night
liver is sleeping at night, less SE
Which statin needs a lower dose in asians?
Rosuvastatin (Crestor)
What type of statin treats hypertiglyceridemia?
route?
MTP inhibitor such as Lomitapid (Juxtapid)
(i and i= i in hypertriglyceridiemia and juxapid)
oral
SE of MTP inhibitor
GI upset
What do PCSK9 inhibitors do?
block protein that enter LDL receptors (in liver), which allow for the transport of LDL into the cell for metabolism
name of a PCSK9 drug
how often is it utilized?
Praluent (alirocumab)
an antibody- 2x a month
What is the risk of taking Fibrates?
what kind of drug are they?
Receptor drug
increased risk of rhabdomyolysis when taking with statins
increased risk of bleeding when taking with coumadin
What type of nursing education would a person taking Zetia need?
greasy poop
Niacin nicotinic acid SE
heptatoxic flushing intolerance of heat redness sweating of the face
treatment for sinus bradycardia
what type of drug is this?
what is the action of this drug?
When is this drug used?
atropine
anticholinergic drug
slows the HR
When patient shows signs of low perfusion- tired, weak dizzy passing out. If asymptomatic DO NOT TREAT
Quinidex Contraindications
What type of drug is this?
HF
sodium channel blocker
Quinidex action
widens QRS
prolongs QT interval
Quinidex SE
fatal dysrthmias
vitamin K is an antidote for
what is the other names for is
Coumoudin
Aqua and phytonadione
