Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Hugh's MD2 Drugs > Diabetes > Flashcards

Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cholesterol targets in metabolic syndrome?

A

HDL > 1

LDL and Triglycerides

Total > 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why are beta-blockers contra-indicated in diabetes?

A

They mask the sympathetic response to hypoglycaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of DPP-4 inhibitors?

A

Inhibit depeptidyl peptidase 4 > reduce the break down of incretins > increase glucose mediated insulin secretion and reduce glucagon production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are names of some GLP1a analogs?

A

Exenatide

Liraglutide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the effect and side effect of GLP1a analogs?

A

Delay gastric emptying to increase the feeling of satiety

Cause bloating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of insulin is in novorapid?

A

Short acting

Aspart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In which condition are thiazolidinediones contraindicated? Why?

A

Heart failure

They cause fluid retention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which diabetic drugs increase the risk of hypo’s?

A

Sulfonylureas

Insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the normal treatment regimen for long and short acting insulins?

A

2/3 Long acting

1/3 Short acting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is novomix 30?

A

30% short acting insulin

70% intermediate acting insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones?

A

They increase peripheral sensitivity to insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does acarbose do?

A

Reduced carbohydrate absorption by inhibiting alpha glucosidase to prevent the cleavage of polysaccarides into monosaccarides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the names of some sulfonylurea?

A

Gliclazide, glipizide, glibenclamide, glimepiride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is dapagliflozin? What side effects does it cause?

A

A Na-Glu transporter 2 inhibitor

Fluid loss

UTI’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the side effects of metformin?

A

Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea that ususally resolves

Weight loss

Lactic acidosis in renal failure patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the name (generic and tradename) of a long acting insulin

A

Detemir

Levemir

14
Q

What are some side effects of sulfonylureas?

A

Weight gain (~3kgs)

Hypo’s

Nausea

15
Q

What are the cholesterol findings in metabolic syndrome?

A

High triglycerides

Low HDL

16
Q

What is lantus?

A

Glargine

A long acting insulin

17
Q

What is the name of a DPP-4 inhibitor?

A

Sitagliptin

Saxagliptin

Valdagliptin

19
Q

What type of drug is gliclazide?

A

A sulfonylurea

20
Q

What the cutoff for fasting glucuse, HbA1c and oral glucose test used to diagnose diabetes?

A

>7 mmol/L

>6.5%

> 11.1 mmol/L

22
Q

What adverse events do incretin-based therapies increase the risk of?

A

Pancreatitis

Nasopharyngitis

23
Q

What are thiazolidinedione?

A

An insulin sensitizer

24
Q

Name a sulfonylurea?

A

Gliclazide

26
Q

What is the best therapeutic for lowering triglycerides?

A

Fibrates

27
Q

Why have sulfonylureas fallen out of favour?

A

They cause weight gain and increase the risk of hypoglycaemia

28
Q

What is the main indication for ACE inhibitors and ARBs in metabolic syndrome?

A

Prevent hypertensive nephropathy

Due to angiotensin II tonic vasoconstriction of efferent arterioles

29
Q

What is the initial dose of metformin in a new diagnosis of T2DM?

A

500mg daily

30
Q

What is the name (generic and tradename) of a intermediate acting insulin?

A

Protaphane

31
Q

What is Byetta?

A

A GLP-1 analogue

32
Q

What is the EGR cut off from dose reduction and ceasation of metformin?

A

<40 dose reduce

<30 cease

33
Q

How do SGLT2 inhibitors promote glycosuria?

A

Inhibit glucose reabsorption in the kidneys

34
Q

When do you get acanthosis in diabetes?

A

Insulin resistance

35
Q
A

Hugh's MD2 Drugs (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions