Antidepressants Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of SSRIs?
Selectively inhibit the reuptake of serotonin at the presynaptic cleft
Name some SSRIs?
Escitalopram - Lexapro
Sertraline - Zoloft
Citalopram - Celexa
Dapoxetine - Priligy
What are some adverse affects of SSRIs?
Nausea
Dizziness
Weight gain / loss
Sexual dysfunction
Drowsiness
Extrapyramidal side effects
What are the extrapyridimal side effects?
Tardive dyskinesia
Dystonia
What are the indications for SSRIs?
Major depression
Bulimia nerosa
Anxiety
Premenopausal dysphoric disorder
What are some precautions for SSRI use?
Epilepsy
Bipolar disorder
Bleeding
Hepatic impairment
What is the mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants?
Block noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake into the presynaptic neuron
Also block cholinergic, histaminergic, alpha1-adrenergic, and serotonergic receptors
What are the indications for TCAs?
Major depression
What are some adverse effects of TCAs?
Decreased SLUD
Sedation
Orthostatic hypotension
Sinus tachycardia
Slow cardiac conduction
Name some TCAs
Amitripyline - Endep
Clomipramine
Dothiepin
When do you expect the therapeutic effects of TCAs to set in?
2 weeks
What is the mechanism of action of MAOI’s?
Non-selective inhibit monoamino oxidase A and B to increase the concentration of adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin at the synaptic cleft
What are the indications for MAOi’s?
Major depression - second line
Some anxiety disorders
What are some adverse effects of MAOis?
Orthostatic hypotension
Sleep disturbance
Headache
Drowsiness
Fatigue
Weakness
Name some MAOi’s?
Phenelzine
Tranylcypromine
What is venlafaxine? What is its mechanism of action?
It is a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor
What are the SNRIs?
Venlafaxine - effexor
Desvenlafaxine - pristiq
Duloxetine - cymbalta
What are some adjunct therapy to the regular antidepressants?
Benzodiazapenes for insomnia
Lithum for refractive depression
Which class of antidepressant is considered first line?
SSRIs
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Irregular, jerky movements
