Diabetes 2

Question 1

Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 1

Metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels and altered metabolism of proteins and fats; associated with thickening of the basement membrane

Question 2

Glyocgen

Answer 2

Storage form of glucose

Question 3

Glycosuria

Answer 3

Presence of glucose in the urine

Question 4

Hyperglycemia

Answer 4

> 106 mg/dL

Question 5

Hypoglycemia

Answer 5

<40 mg/dL

Question 6

Incretins

Answer 6

Peptides in the GI that help modulate insulin and glucagon

Question 7

Insulin

Answer 7

Hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas; stimulates insulin receptor sites to move glucose into the cells; promotes storage of fats and glucose

Question 8

Ketosis

Answer 8

Breakdown of fats for energy, resulting in an increase in ketones to be excreted from the body

Question 9

Polydipsia

Answer 9

Increased thrist; seen in diabetics when loss of fluid and increased tonicity of the blood lead to hypothalamic thirst center to make the patient feel thirsty

Question 10

Nervous System Glucose

Answer 10

Must receive glucose by diffusion, no receptors.

Question 11

Too Much Glucose in Nerves

Answer 11

Draws in water, edema.

Question 12

Too Little Glucose in Nerves

Answer 12

Decrease function

Question 13

Basement Membrane

Answer 13

Thin layer of collagen filament that lies just below the endothelial lining of blood vessels

Question 14

Basement Membane Damage Increases Diseases: 4

Answer 14

Artherosclorosis
Retinopathy
Neuropathies
Nephropathy

Question 15

HB1AC

Answer 15

Glycosylated Hg Levels - 3 month average

Question 16

Three Metabolic Pathways of Glucose

Answer 16

1. Glycolysis to produce intracellular ATP through ETC
2. Glycogensis to produce short term glycogen (liver)
3. Lipogensis as long term fat storage