angina drugs Flashcards
angina
chest pain that results from ischemia
O2 reqs of heart are greater than supply
4 risk factors for coronary heart disease and angina
smoking
diabetes
hyperlipidemia
hypertension
4 types of angina
stable angina
unstable angina
prinzmetal/variant angina
microvascular angina
stable angina
precipitated by stress
relieved by rest, ntg
unstable angina
severe symptoms
less responsive to tx
intermediate of stable angina and MI
variant (prinzmetal’s) angina
results from coronary artery spasm
does not necessarily occur with exertion
refractory (intractable) angina
incapacitating pain
does not respond to standard tx
beta blockers & angina
prevent beta-adrenergic receptions from being stimulated
decreases O2 demand of heart and therefore decreases angina
calcium channel blockers & angina
inhibit calcium from moving across cell membranes
decreases contraction, depresses impulse formation (automaticity), slows conduction velocity
arteriolar dilation, decreasing afterload
these effects decrease O2 demands of heart
nitrates & angina
dilate vascular smooth muscle and both venous/arterial vessels
venous dilation decreases preload
arterial dilation decreases systematic vascular resistance and arterial pressure (afterload)
when to use ACE inhibitor for CAD
when pt also has diabetes, systolic dysfuction, or both
nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)
nitrate prototype
improves circulation to the heart by redistributing blood flow to collateral vessels
nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) pharmacokinetics
can be IV, oral, topical, sublingual, nasal
nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) pharmacodynamics
relaxes vascular smooth muscle and dilates arterial and venous vessels, but more effective on venous side
nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) contraindications
hypersensitivity, severe anemia, closed-angle glaucoma