Diabetes

Question 1

What is type 1 diabetes

Answer 1

Autoimmune condition where body attacks insulin producing beta cells in pancreas, leading to lack of insulin production.

This leads to hyperglycaemia within the bloodstream as glucose cannot enter cells of the body.

Question 2

Give some signs and symptoms of diabetes

Answer 2

Quick development

• thirst
• frequent urination
• unexplained weight loss
• fatigue
• blurred vision

Question 3

What relevance does diabetes have to dentistry?

Answer 3

Reduced immune function so often impaired healing of wounds in uncontrolled diabetes
- also more prone to infection

Chronic inflamamtion increasing risk and severityof periodontal disease

Question 4

What is t2 diabetes?

Answer 4

Metabolic disorder characterised by insulin resistance and inadequate insulin production.

Bodies cells become resistant to insulin due to constant elevated blood sugar levels

Question 5

Differences in symptoms between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

Answer 5

T2 is later onset, often milder onset of symptoms at first

Type 1 typically are more severe sudden symptoms and can also include abdominal pain and nausea

Question 6

What drugs would someone with type 1 diabetes be on?

Answer 6

Insulin

Can be rapid acting, short acting, immediate acting etc to coincide with insulin levels body should have

Question 7

What drugs would someone with type 2 diabetes typically be on? Any side fx?

Answer 7

Metformin - improves insulin sensitivity and decreases amount of glucose liver produces

Side fx can include
- git symptoms such as nausea, diarrhoea and vomiting

Question 8

Dental considerations of metformin?

Answer 8

GIT side fx can cause patient uncomfort

Hypoglycaemia risk as metformin reduce blood sugar level
- always be ready to manage medical emergency