anaemia 2 Flashcards
how would one diagnose anaemia?
Hb count is the degree of anaemia
red cell count and haematocrit determines cell deficiency or Hb formation deficiency
MCV = size of cell / likely deficiency
what is microcytic anaemia?
red blood cells with a smaller MCV
- due to thalassaemia
- FE deficiency
- chronic inflammatory disease
what is macrocytic anaemia?
RBC with a larger than normal MCV
megaloblastic
- immature blood vessels
- vit b12 deficiency or folic acid
- duretics
non-megaloblastic
- not immature
- alcohol or hypothyroidism
what is normocytic anaemia?
normal size red blood cells
- anaemia will have high or low reticulocyte number
high = blood loss / haemolytic anaemia
low = bone marrow disorder
- aplastic anaemia
what is ansiocytic anaemia?
variety of cell sizes
what is hypochromic anaemia and which other type is it usually paired with?
low colour due to lack of Hb
- usually associated with microcytic anaemia
what is a reticulocyte?
immature red blood cell produced in the bone marrow
what implications would a smooth tongue have? or a beefy tongue?
smooth tongue is atrophic glossitis
- drug-drug interactions
- increase INR
- doesn’t react well with antifungals or anticoagulants
beefy tongue is vit b12 deficiency
how may anaemia be treated?
- replace haematinics
- transfusion
- EPO
what dental implications can anaemia have?
- recurrent oral ulceration
- mucosal atrophy
- candidiasis
- sensory changes
what is the INR? when should it be done?
INR is the time for blood to clot
- should check within 24hrs of procedure
should be <4 for 1 or two tooth extraction
warfarin affects INR - only do when on warfarin
