diabète Flashcards

1
Q

en combien de temps on devrait atteindre la cible glycémique ?

A

3-6 mois

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2
Q

cible HbA1C de la plupart des adultes

A

7% (mm ad 6.5% si risque faible d’hypo) (jamais dépasser 8,5%)

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3
Q

premier choix d’HGO chez tous?

A

MTF max 1-1,5 g /jour

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4
Q

CI et E2 MTF?

A

CI: ClCr <30 / IH / IC, E2: risque acidose lactique, intolérance digestive, déficit B12 (rare)

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5
Q

inconvénients des sulfonylurés

A

Gain de poids, hypo+, préconditionnement ischémique PAS LE 2e CHOIX

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6
Q

glyburide quelle classe?

A

sulfo

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7
Q

gliclazide quelle classe?

A

sulfo

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8
Q

glimepiride quelle classe?

A

sulfo

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9
Q

saxagliptin quelle classe?

A

iDPP-4

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10
Q

linagliptin quelle classe?

A

iDPP-4

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11
Q

Sitagliptin quelle classe?

A

iDPP-4

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12
Q

samaglutide quelle classe?

A

GLP-1 (le + efficace de sa classe)

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13
Q

liraglutide quelle classe?

A

GLP-1

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14
Q

dulaglutide quelle classe?

A

GLP-1

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15
Q

Exnenatide quelle classe?

A

GLP-1

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16
Q

avantages GLP-1

A

perte de poids, diminution TA, rares hypo, clairance ad 15 cc

17
Q

inconvénients GLP-1

A

injections,No/Vo, remboursement RAMQ slmt si échec DPP-4,

18
Q

canaglifozine quelle classe?

A

SGLT-2

19
Q

dapaglifozine quelle classe?

A

SGLT-2

20
Q

empaglifozine quelle classe?

A

SGLT-2

21
Q

avantages SGLT-2?

A

réduction ++ HbA1c, perte poids, réduction TA, dim. mortalité CV, rares hypo

22
Q

inconvénients SGLT-2?

A

risque hypoTA, infection urinaires et mycoses, CI si IR modérée (<30cc) ou néo vessie ou amputation, augmentation faible LDL

23
Q

3 classes les plus a risque d’hypo

A

sulfo, insuline et meglitinines

24
Q

4 Rx ayant démontrés avantage cardio-vasculaire

A

empaglifozine, canaglifozine, liraglutide, samaglutide

25
Q

quels patients DB devraient recevoir Statine +IECA +ASA

A

ischémie cardiaque, mx artérielle périph, mx cérébrovasc / carotidienne (ces patients se méritent aussi 1 Rx avec bénéfice CV (empaglifozine, canaglifozine, liraglutide, samaglutide) si pas atteinte des cibles)

26
Q

quels patients DB devraient recevoir IECA + Statine

A

atteinte microvasc (IR, rétinopathie, neuropathie) ou >55 ans avec FDR cardiovasc

27
Q

quels patients DB devraient recevoir statine slmt ?

A

> 40 ans ou >30 ans avec DB x 15 ans, DLP connue