Deviance

Question 1

Cesare Becarria’s perspective on crime

Answer 1

Individuals are self interested, deviance is a choice. But deterrence deters people from crime

Question 2

Durkheim’s perspective on crime

Answer 2

Structural Functionalist Perspective

Certain behaviours and attitudes regulate our behaviours, we need regulation to learn what NOT to do.

Question 3

Strain theory

Answer 3

(Robert Merton)
In relation to wanting economic success and finding ways to get there.
(Conformists, Innovators, Ritualists, Retreatists (crime), Rebels)

Question 4

Social disorganization

Answer 4

(Classical)
With certainty, swiftness and severity. This assumes everyone has free will, but ignores the disparities in reasons for stealing.

(Positivist)
Criminals can be identified based on physical characteristics (stigmata). Assumes determinism (starting from causes)

Question 5

Labeling theory

Answer 5

Mainstream society places deviant labels on others, and this is defined by those who have power to stigmatise minorities.
This leads to degradation ceremony where criminal label becomes more formalised that individual believes this label as true.

Question 6

Anomie

Answer 6

Social norms have been eroded (Emile Durkheim)