Developmental Psychology Flashcards
What did John Locke (1632-1704) believe and what did this set in motion.
That children are born as a blank slate, completely shaped by environment. Passive learners, lack of reason and weak. It set in motion the start of a duty of care by the parents/guardians of children.
What did Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) believe ?
A child is born pure, but corrupted by civilisation, akin to ‘lord of the flies’.
What is Eriksons psychosocial theory
There are 8 stages , ranging throughout our lifespan. Biological, cognitive and socioemotional processes are at play. They all feed into the crisis that needs to be resolved.
What are the characteristics of autism, based on behaviour
Indifferent/impaired social behaviour
Honest/literal
Unable to cope with change
Narrow interests
What is Applied behaviour Analysis and what are its criticisms
Based on operant conditioning, an intense therapy with professionals for up to 40 hrs/week,face to face interaction.
NICE do not recommend as poor research. Mattron (2017) suggests parent led interventions and supported day centres . used in the US,France .
What are the three theories of autism
- Theory of mind hypothesis (Leslie 87), lack of pretend play, imagination, false belief
- Executive function hypothesis , (Ozanoff ,91) card rules change, (Baron cohen 2008) -choc windows. mental inflexibility , problem with inhibition
- Theory of weak central coherence (Firth 2003) unable to capture meaning, see the whole picture, not tricked by visual illusions.
What are the neuro psych correlations with autism
Temporal lobe - create schemas for social context, prefrontal cortex- , parietal temporal junction, movement , eye gaze.
Burkett 2015, Frith 2003, Ward 2010
What is the SAlly Ann task and who performed it, what are its findings
Used dolls to hide a marble. Where will Sally look when it has been moved behind her back? 80% autistic kids pick the place it has been moved to. 20% do not, correlates with level of visual and hearing impaired children. Thought to be a delay in early years leads to delay in understanding minds. DeGelder (1987) argued, why believe a doll? Was replicated with people, same findings
