Development Psych #2

Question 1

What is attachment, and when does attachment develop?

Answer 1

Emotional bond with another person, babies with primary caregivers (usually parents)
Stay close to the parent - they begin to crawl at 8-9 months old and then they start displaying attachment behaviors

Question 2

How does a Behavioral Psychologist Approach explain why babies become so dependent on their parents at a certain age?

Answer 2

The parent reinforces the dependency

Question 3

How does an attachment approach explain the same phenomena?

Answer 3

The most important tenet is that young children need to develop a relationship with at least one primary caregiver for normal social and emotional development.

Question 4

What does the evidence suggest?

Answer 4

Separation across different cultures and in non-human primates

Question 5

What is imprinting?

Answer 5

Baby follows mom - duckling and mother duck; they were mobile from birth so they were instantly attached

Question 6

What was the work of Konrad Lorenz?

Answer 6

Cloth and wire surrogate mom - monkeys could cuddle with terry cloth mom or wiremesh mom with bottle
Most of time on the cloth mother and only feed on with wiremesh mom

Question 7

What is the strange situation?

Answer 7

Attachment figure comes in with child; there is a stranger with toys
Parent leave briefly, and the stranger tries to comfort
See how the reunion goes; and then baby is left alone

Question 8

What does the strange situation illustrate?

Answer 8

Observe attachment security in children within the context of caregiver relationships.

Question 9

What kinds of things are associated with secure attachment?

Answer 9

Higher self-esteem and confidence
Better relationships w/ peers and romantic relationships
Trusting relationships with teachers

Question 10

What are the stages/types of play? How do they play in each stage of play?

Answer 10

Unoccupied, solitary, onlooker behavior, parallel play (next to each other), associative play (run and chase), cooperative play (tag your it, rules)

Question 11

What is a meta-analysis?

Answer 11

The statistical combination of results from two or more separate studies.

Question 12

What does meta-analysis suggest about the association between infant attachment and the quality of children’s peer relationships?

Answer 12

It keeps going up with age - more strongly related in adolescence than when you are a baby

Question 13

Why does the relationship between secure relationships and peer relations increase with time?

Answer 13

Trust and quality becomes more important in friendship as you get older

Question 14

What are the different kinds of negative status that kids have: neglected, rejected, bullied, friendless?

Answer 14

Neglected: Few kids like or dislike you. It is like you aren’t there.
Rejected: Few kids like you, and many dislike you.
Bullied: Picked on by many kids, but doesn’t mean you are neglected or rejected. They can also be bullies themselves.
Friendless: Any of above may have a few friends or be friendless; can be friendless and not any of the above

Question 15

When child psychologists look at victims of bullying, what do they conclude?

Answer 15

Being bullies increases emotional problems.

Question 16

Does being the victim of bullying increase a child’s problems?

Answer 16

Yes, more likely to commit suicide
Being a victim of bullies is not random. Shy, anxious, depressed kids are more likely to be bullied.

Question 17

What relationship do researchers find between teen romantic relationships and adult romantic relationships?

Answer 17

Teen relationships are practice for adult relationships. If you don’t date as a teen, you may have problems as an adult. Another view, quality of relationship across development is what matters (friendships, family, etc.)