Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproduction > Development of reproductive system > Flashcards

Development of reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the formation of gametes within the fetus

A

Begins within the 6th week, the primordial cells arise from the endoderm of yolk sac and detach to migrate to dorsal mesentry and midgit on posterior abdo wall and then migrate to urogenital ridge
on reaching primordial germ cell epithelium, germ cells embed to make primordial germ cell epithelium and sex cords are formed from both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What forms from the mesenchyme beneath the germinal epithelium?

A

Leydig and theca cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What forms from the germinal epithelium?

A

Granulosa and sertoli cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the property of gametes?

A

They are haploid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many ova does a woman produce per fertile year?

A

12-14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Does the woman have all the gametes she will ever have at birth?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Does the male have all the gametes she will ever have at birth?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many ova does a woman have over her reproductive cycle?

A

400

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the features that enable reproduction in the woman?

A

Birth canal
Vagina to recieve penis
Womb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are female secondary sexual characteristics?

A 
Increased breast development
Hair and skin development
Rugae 
Subcutaneous fat 
CNS effects
Decreased body size
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the male secondary sexual characteristics?

A 
Increased body size
Hair and Skin
Deepened voice 
Facial hair 
CNS effects
Development of smell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the male internal genitalia composed of?

A

Ducts

  • Epididymis
  • VD
  • Urethra
  • Seminal vesicles
  • Bulbourethral glands
  • Prostate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the female internal genitalia composed of?

A 
Ovaries 
Fallopian tubes 
Uterus 
Cervix 
Vagina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How much sperm will a young man produce a second?

A

7000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When are sperm produced and why?

A

Continuoulsy after puberty

Always have to be ready to fertilise a female’s ova

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In which bodily parts are reproductive hormones produced?

A

Hypothalamus
Pituitary (mostly anterior) but oxytocin is produced in posterior
Gonads
Placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where is the SRY gene expressed from?

A

Sertoli cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What surrounds the germ cells in the female to become the primary follicle?

A

Mesenchymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What internal genitalia does the female develop and how?

A

Paramesonephric ducts
They fuse together as they grow toward one another
- form the uterus and Fallopian tubes, cervix and upper vagina
due to no MIH

The mesonephric ducts regress due to no testosterone

20
Q

What would develop internally if there were no gonads?

A

Paramesonephric ducts

21
Q

What cells secrete MIH in the male?

A

Sertoli

22
Q

What cells secrete Testosterone in the male?

A

Interstitial cells of Leydig

23
Q

What internal genitalia does the male develop?

A

Testosterone causes development of the mesonephric ducts and no regression and these form the vd, epididymis, seminal vesicles and rete testes

24
Q

What are the regions of the external genitalia before they differentiate?

A

Genital tubercle
Genital fold
Genital swelling

25
Q

What causes differentiation of male external genitalia?

A

Dihydrotestosterone

26
Q

What does each part of the external genitalia develop into in the male?

A

Genital tubercle - glans penis
Genital fold - shaft of penis and spongy urethra
Genital swelling - sctorum

27
Q

What does each part of the external genitalia develop into in the female?

A

Genital tubercle - glans clitoris
Genital fold - labia minora
Genital swelling - labia majora

28
Q

Explain the descent of the male gonads

A 
They start at postero abdo wall 
Then gubernaculum drags it down 
Scrotum starts to develop (Attached to gubernaculum) and it is surrounded by processus vaginalis 
Migrates over pubic bone at 28 weeks
Reaches scrotum by 34-40 weeks
29
Q

What lies within the inguinal canal in males?

A

spermatic cord

30
Q

What does the gubernaculum become in the female?

A

The ovarian ligament and round ligament of uterus

31
Q

What lies within the inguinal canal in females?

A

Round ligament

32
Q

How long is a female fertile for a month?

A

36 hours

33
Q

At what stage are female gametes arrested before birth?

A

Diplotene in prophase I so they’re still diploid

34
Q

When does meoisis continue after birth?

A

Before ovulation

35
Q

What are the 3 stages of gamete maturation?

A

Pre antral
Antral
Pre-ovulatory

36
Q

What is the period of preparation?

A

This is when the female gets ready for fertilisation
Body changes
Preparation for conceptus
Thin, alkaline discharge

37
Q

What is the waiting period?

A

Body cannot tell if it’s pregnant for 2 weeks after fertilisation and until then it assumes that the ova is fertilised

38
Q

What are the phases of the menstrual cycle?

A

Proliferative/follicular

Luteal

39
Q

Explain the pre-antral ovum

A

There are layers surrounding the ovum

ZP, cells that become corona radiata after ovulation - granulosa, theca interna, theca externa

40
Q

What is the function of the corona radiata?

A

This provides the zp with protiens

41
Q

What is the pro nuclei?

A

This is halving of the DNA so sperm and egg can fuse

42
Q

What is the antral oocyte?

A

This is when a fluid layer lays within the granulosa cells forms, LH acts upon the theca cells to secrete androgens and FSH acts upon granulosa cells to convert androgens to oestrogens

43
Q

What is the pre-antral oocyte?

A 
37 hours before ovulation 
LH receptors appear on the granulosa cells 
LH surge 
Initiation of meiosis again 
Pronuclei formed by halving DNA
Follicle rupture
Picked up by fimbria
44
Q

What is the function of the corpus luteum?

A

To secrete oestrogen and progesterone under influence of LH

45
Q

Explain what happens to the Seminiferous region in puberty?

A

The seminiferous cords hollow out to become seminiferous tubeules (250-270)

46
Q

Explain the pathway of spermatogenesis

A 
Spermatogonia
Primary spermatocytes
Secondary spermatocytes
Spermatids
Spermatozoa 
Sperm

Reproduction (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions