Development of Play

Question 1

Stages of Play (Descriptive), a three y/o is

Answer 1

• highly imaginative and interested in dramatic play.
• More interested in the results.

Question 2

Stages of Play (Descriptive), a two year old, because of the two year old’s need
to assert their independence they may seem

Answer 2

• stubborn, rigid, negative.
• Language is developing and they love being read to
• Interested in sensory exploration and materials such as finger paint, play or sand
• Play is more important than creating a product

Question 3

True or false:

In a two y/o, play play is more important than creating a product

Answer 3

true

Question 4

True or false:

Developmental changes seen in play DOES NOTreflect the increasing social maturity of the child

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Parten’s stages of social play:

Answer 5

1. Unoccupied Behavior: Infancy
2. Solitary Play: Toddlerhood
3. Onlooker Play: Early Preschool
4. Parallel Play: Middle preschool
5. Associative Play: Middle to late preschool
6. Cooperative Play: Late Preschool

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Question 6

Dominant activity is the simple exercise of reflexes, no real play.

Answer 6

Birth to 1 month

Question 7

First signs of play begins with infant repeating sounds or body movements for pleasure
(sensation):

Answer 7

1-4 Months

Question 8

Child repeats activities that have a pleasing effect on the senses or the environment i.e. crumpling paper, shaking rattles, banging objects together

Answer 8

4-8 Months

Question 9

Beginning of intentional goal directed behavior, object permanence developing, repetition of activities

Answer 9

8 -12 mo

Question 10

Rather than repeating the child intentionally varies actions to make them more
exciting. Uses objects appropriately ie stacking block rather than banging or mouthing

Answer 10

12 - 18 mo

Question 11

Symbolism emerges. Sensorimotor play gradually being replaced with symbolic play. Appropriate use of toys

Answer 11

12 - 24 mo

Question 12

Stages of play (Descriptive). Four year old:

Answer 12

• Are more self-confident and secure
• Have greater success with fine and gross motor skills
• More aware of gender roles than 3 year olds

Question 13

Stages of Play (Descriptive). 5 year olds:

Answer 13

• Beginning to show signs of logical thinking (concrete operations per Piaget)
• See the world as rational and orderly
• They are more stable and are usually eager to please
• Better able to distinguish reality from fantasy

Question 14

Through play the child’s world gradually expands from being concrete with self centered activities to _________ with concept centered activities.

Answer 14

abstract

• Play allows children to develop balance between reality and fantasy.
• Fantasy play or pretend play strengthen symbolic or representational thinking

Question 15

Representational or Fantasy Play moves through four stages during preschool years:

Answer 15

1. Reality Play: an object is used for its intended purpose
2. Object Fantasy: entirely new identity is attributed to the object
3. Person Fantasy: People qualities are actively represented
4. Announced Fantasy: The theme is announced before acting out

Question 16

Socially isolated children who may not receive reinforcement for spontaneous play may need to be _______ how to play with others

Answer 16

taught

Question 17

(Play development) Hurlock suggests that:

Answer 17

• when the end is more important than the means the activity is more like work. When means more important than the end the activity is more like play
• Often can determine by the expressions on a child’s face if an activity is work or play

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Question 18

Sequential neurodevelopment of play:

Answer 18

1. Brainstem: stablish state regulation; peck-a-boo, test play, tactile play
2. Midbrain: Incorporate somatosesnory integration; large motor, fine motor, music
3. Limbic: facilitate socio-emotional: temas, win-lose, turns, sharing.
4. Cortex: encourage abstract thought; humor, language, arts, games.

Question 19

Sequential neurodevelopment of play, brainstem stage:

Answer 19

• Stablish state regulation:
  
  • Peek-a-boo
  • taste play
  • tactile play

(stage 1)

Question 20

Sequential neurodevelopment of play, midbrain stage:

Answer 20

• Incorporate somatosensory:
  
  • ​Large motor
  • Fine motor
  • music

(stage 2)

Question 21

Sequential neurodevelopment of play, limbic stage:

Answer 21

• Facilitate socio-emotional (children crave structure)
  
  • Teams
  • Win-loose
  • Turns
  • Sharing

(Stage 3)

Question 22

Sequential neurodevelopment of play, cortex stage:

Answer 22

• Encourage abstract thought:
  
  • Humor
  • Arts
  • Language
  • Games

Question 23

In what type of play children use dolls or figurines & toys used to
represent people, animals, things ?

Answer 23

pretend or symbolic

Question 24

What type of play Involves building and constructing
things, drawing and puzzles

Answer 24

Constructive

Question 25

What type of play involves active movement, and may or may not involve
other children? jumping, running, swinging, sliding

Answer 25

Rough and Tumble

Question 26

Functions of Play:

Answer 26

• Biophysical Development: fine and gross motor skills; children move for the pure joy of moving; repetition; Practice → Skill→ Natural Repertoire → Goal achievement
• Enculturation: practice roles related to their cultural backgrounds.
• Enhance cognitive development: Piaget believed that play is essential to cognitive development.Fantasy play or pretend play strengthen symbolic or representational thinking
• Learning Adult Roles: children learn to adapt to the realities of life roles via play
• Affective Development: correlations, trust, self-control and control over frustration, impulse control, diligence;
• Social Development: Through play the child learns to distinguish self from others

Question 27

Erikson suggests that children need to learn _______ __________ via play in the childhood years to develop the self-confidence needed to succeed in adolescence and adulthood

Answer 27

appropriate behaviors

Question 28

Behavior Disorders during play:

Answer 28

• Withdrawal- limits opportunities for play
• Aggressiveness- limits invitations to play, destroy materials
• Fearful of new activities, specific materials or textures

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