Development of parties 1660-1702

Question 1

1660- 1667
Emergence of ‘parties’

Answer 1

Ideological split after the Civil war, Whigs were supporting of John Locke’s social contract theory, while the more concerned Tories were desperate to return to regularity - they subscribe to Hobbes’ theory, which states that the loss created by civil war was worse than the loss created by living under a tyrant.

Question 2

1667-1681
Consolidation of ‘parties’

Question 3

1681-1688
Entrenched splits/ ideological development of Whigs and Tories

Question 4

1688-1694
Both parties working with William

Question 5

1694-97
Whigs in ascend

Question 6

1697-1700
Tories in ascend

Answer 6

End Nine Years War in 1697 - Tory come-back- sought to return power to the traditional rulers in the provinces (JPs + landowning gentry - resented centralised gov ‘meddling’ in local affairs)

Question 7

1700-1702
Both parties are somewhat united

Answer 7

Short lived alliance over as a spontaneous reaction against high taxation + foreign alliances (WIII intended to maintain a large standing army)