development of depositional landscapes Flashcards
what’s a beach
accumulation of sediment deposited between low spring, tides and highest point reach by storm waves. It is composed of sand/shingle.

what is suspension?
Suspension is fine material, such as clients adamant that are carried by the sea
What is solution?
dissolved minerals that are carried by the sea
What is traction
traction is one large boulders of rocks are rolled along the sea bird
What is saltation?
saltation is one small stones and pebbles bounce along the seabed 
What is longshore drift?
longshore drift is a transportational process in which swash carries sediment Upshaw at a 45° angle in the direction of the prevailing wind. The material is transported by traction solution, saltation and suspension backwash, then carries sediment down the coast at 90° angle distant carries on throughout the coastline 
define deposition
Deposition takes place when speed/velocity of water falls below a critical value for a particular size of particle, and therefore can no longer carry it 
what are some examples of beach features?
Ridges and Runnels, cusps, ripples, storm beach (berm) 
what are ridges and  Runnels?
which is an runnels take place in the swash zone they are a series of ridges and troughs perpendicular to the coast near low tide. They are formed by the deposition of swash and backwash.
What are cusps?
crisps, take place further down the beach in the swash zone. They are semi circular depressions with Corsa materials around the edge and find the materials in the middle. It is a bit like backwash but reversed
What are ripples?
Ripples take place again in the swash zone, ensure ripples a small elongated ridges that fall at the beach, parallel to the water waves flow along loose sand which is dredged along the bottom and dragged
What is a storm beach or a berm?
Original found in the back door of the beach. Composed of larger sediment is deposited by a wave during storm events above high watermark.
What is a berm?
A berm takes place for sure, and it is small ridges that form near high tide marks. They are deposited by high tide and the swash of constructive waves. A series of berms indicate a cycle of tides
what are some depositional landforms?
spits beach, lagoon, Tombolo bar, barrier island, bar, Sandunes Saltmarsh cuspate, foreland, spits
What’s the definition of a spit?
A spit is a narrow beach made of sand or shingle with one and attached to the shore and the other and extend into the sea or estuary
cuspate forelands formation
LSD currents from opposite directions converge at the boundaries of two sediment cells, forming low lying triangular headlands extending from a coastline formed by deposited sediment.
spit formation over each other over long period of time.
tombolo formation
tombolos are linear ridges of sand and shingle connecting an offshore island to the coastline of the mainland.
1. they can form on drift aligned coastlines when led builds a spit out from land until it connects to an offshore island.
2. on swash aligned coasts when there is wave refraction around both sides of the island.
this causes a collision of wave fronts on the landward side cancelling each other out and producing a zone of still calm water where deposition occurs between the island and coast.
oppositional longshore currents may play a role in which case the depositional feature is similar to a spit.
eg. st ninians tombolo in the shetland island.
formation of a bar
a bar is very similar to a spit. its a ridge of sand or shingle which forms across the mouth of a river, the entrance to a bay or harbour. if the bay between two headlands is blocked off by a spit, its known as a bar.
friction between the waves and the sea bed increase causing sand or shingle to be deposited parallel to coast.
