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PHTH 517 > DETRAINING > Flashcards

DETRAINING Flashcards

1
Q

Summarize the dallas bed rest study

A

trying to understand the physiology of what was occurring to people in bed rest - took 5 healthy normal undergrad students and put them on bed rest for 22 days. VO2 max was taken before test and periodically after that ~10 days for an 8week training program

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2
Q

What was the result in of the dallas bed rest study

A

27% drop in VO2max in 21 days

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3
Q

in the dallas bed rest study did it take longer for active or sedentary individuals to return to their baseline VO2

A

took longer for active participants

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4
Q

what was the finding for HR for a given exercise following the dallas bed rest study

A

increase in HR for a given exercise load was 27% more than it was at pretest

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5
Q

What causes the increase in HR for a given exercise load following 21 days of bed rest

A

drop in stroke volume so HR had to increase

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6
Q

The 3 weeks of bed rest in the dallas bed rest study (on undergrads) caused the same proportional decline in vo2max for a period of…

A

40 year of life

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7
Q

what is the first change in the cardiovascular system following bed rest is…

A

decrease in plasma volume

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8
Q

What causes the decrease in plasma volume seen with bed rest

A

When you are standing up right gravity makes blood sit in our lower heart, when you are lying down this changes, the carotid baroreceptors start to stimulate your kidneys to eliminate fluid

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9
Q

What sense the fluid shift that occurs with bed rest

A

carotid barareceptors

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10
Q

What does the decrease in plasma volume that occurs with bed rest lead to

A

decrease preload, decreased end diastolic volume, decreased stroke volume, decrease CO at rest and with any activity

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11
Q

Bed rest also leads to ____ venous pooling in lower extremity

A

increased

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12
Q

Increase venous pooling associated with bed rest leads to…

A

decreased venous return -> decreased preload -> decreased CO

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13
Q

What is the body’s response to the changes that occur with bed rest

A
  • Altered autonomic function, aortic baroreceptors, vascular smooth muscle
  • Increase HR to compensate for decreased SV
  • Increases TPR to compensate for decreased CO
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14
Q

What is Orthostatic hypotension

A

Rapid fall in blood pressure with position change. situation where there is a drop in BP as people change position due to these physiological changes.

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15
Q

Physiological changes with bed rest can result in _____

A

orthostatic hypotension

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16
Q

What is orthostatic hypotension primarily caused by

A

Venous pooling in lower extremity & delay in vasoconstriction of large blood vessels

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17
Q

What are the symptoms of orthostatic hypotension

A

Light headed

Feeling faint or fainting

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18
Q

How do you manage orthostatic hypotension

A

Change position slowly & allow time for the body responses to get used to new position

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19
Q

With detraining, what increases the most in 12 days

A

Stroke volume - due to decrease in plasma volume

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20
Q

what is the major goals of aerobic training

A
  1. Develop functional capacity of the central circulation

2. Enhance aerobic capacity of the specific muscles

21
Q

What are the 4 general training principles

A
  1. Overload
  2. Specificity
  3. Individual differences/initial values
  4. Reversibility (de-training)
22
Q

What is SAID principle

A

Specific Adaptations to Imposed Demands

23
Q

What energy system is used for strength and power exercises

A

ATP

24
Q

What energy system is used for Sustained power

A

ATP + PCr

25
Q

What energy system is used for Anaerobic power-endurance

A

ATP + PCr + lactic Acid

26
Q

What energy system is used for aerobic endurance

A

Electron transport - Oxidative phosphorylation

27
Q

What is used in cycles of training to ensure peak performance

A

recovery

28
Q

What is the ACSM recommended frequency of exercise

A

Combination of moderate and vigorous on at least 3-5 days/week

29
Q

What is the most critical factor of FITT

A

Intensity

30
Q

Intensity reflects…

A

energy requirement/energy systems for activity

31
Q

what are some ways you can prescribe intensity

A
  • Exercise level or power output
  • % VO2max
  • % of max HR
  • Above or below lactate threshold
  • Rating of perceived exertion
32
Q

What is the ACSM recommendation for intensity

A

moderate to vigorous

33
Q

What is the minimal threshold stimulus for cardiovascular improvement

A

45-50% VO2max or 65-70 max HR

34
Q

What is the %VO2max for very light to maximal

A 
very Light : <37 
Light : 37-45
Moderate : 46-63 
Vigorous : 64-90 
Near maximal : >91
35
Q

What are the ACSM recommendations for TYPE

A 
Regular 
Purposeful 
Major Muscle groups 
Continuous 
Rhythmic recommended for improving cardiorespiratory fitness
36
Q

In FITT - VP

A

Volume
Pattern
Progression

37
Q

What is volume

A
  • Quantity or product of Fit (frequency, intensity, and time )
38
Q

What does volume have a role in

A

weight management

39
Q

What does pattern mean

A

you can get your 150 minutes any way one continuous session or accumulation of smaller bouts

40
Q

What is progression

A

gradual increase in volume

41
Q

Why is heart rate reserve a good measure

A

Because it is taking into account resting HR - people who are more fit have lower resting HR

42
Q

What is the equation for Heart Rate Reserve

A

[HRmax - HRrest x % desired intensity] + HRrest

43
Q

What are 2 types of aerobic training

A

1 Continuous

2 Interval training

44
Q

What does the rate of progression depend on

A
  • Health status
  • Physical fitness
  • Training responses
  • Exercise program goals
45
Q

What is the first of FITT would you progress

A

time

46
Q

What is the ACSM recommendation for increasing time

A

5-10 minutes every 1-2 weeks for first 4-6 weeks

47
Q

When do you start to adjust the other FITT principles

A

4 weeks

48
Q

When do you see improvements in VO2max

A

at 4 week mark

49
Q

How do you maintain fitness

A

Hold intensity constant and frequency and duration can be reduced

PHTH 517 (10 decks)

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