Determiners and pronouns - this/that/these/those

Question 1

*this (singular)
→ this picture (= this picture HERE)

*these (plural)
→ these flowers (= these flowers HERE)

• that (singular)
  → that picture (= that picture THERE)

*those (plural)
→ those people (= those people THERE)

Answer 1

…Do you like this picture?
…These flowers are for you.

…Do you like that picture?
…Who are those people?

Question 2

We use this/that/these/those WITH a noun (this picture / those girls etc.) or WITHOUT a noun:

Answer 2

…This HOTEL is expensive, but it’s very nice.
…‘Who’s that GIRL?’ ‘I don’t know.’

…THIS is a nice hotel, but it’s very expensive.
…‘Excuse me, is THIS your bag?’ ‘Oh yes, thank you.’

Question 3

• that = something that has HAPPENED:

* that = WHAT somebody has just SAID:

Answer 3

…‘I’m sorry I forgot to phone you.’ ‘THAT’S all right.’
…THAT was a really nice meal. Thank you very much.

…‘You’re a teacher, aren’t you?’ ‘Yes, THAT’S right.’
…‘Martin has a new job.’ ‘Really? I didn’t know THAT.

Question 4

• We use this is … and is that … ? ON THE PHONE:

* We use this is … to INTRODUCE people

Answer 4

…Hi Sarah, THIS is David. (this = the speaker)
…Is THAT Sarah? (that = the other person)

…A: Ben, THIS is Chris.
…B: Hello, Chris – nice to meet you.
…C: Hi