Determiners and pronouns - all / most / some / any / no / none

Question 1

• Compare:
  → children/money/books etc. (in GENERAL)
  #
  → THE children / THE money / THESE books etc
• most/some etc. + noun

   all
   most       cities
   some      children
   any         books 
   no           money

quando a coisa a que se refere NÃO é determinada

• most OF/some OF etc. + THE/THIS/MY … etc.

   all         (of)  
   most              the …
   some    of      this/that … 
   any                 these/those... 
   none               my/your...etc

quando a coisa a que se refere É determinada

Answer 1

…Children like playing.(= children in GENERAL)
…Money isn’t everything.(= money in GENERAL)

…Where are THE children? (= OUR children)
…I want to buy a car, but I don’t have THE money. (= the money for a car)

…Most children like playing. (= children in GENERAL)
…I don’t want any money.
…Some books are better than others.
…He has no friends.
…All cities have the same problems. (= cities in GENERAL)

# Do NOT use OF in these sentences:
…Most people drive too fast. (NOT Most of people)
…Some birds can’t fly. (NOT Some of birds)

…Most OF the children at this school are under 11 years old.
…I don’t want any OF this money.
…Some OF these books are very old.
…None OF my friends live near me.

   # You can say ALL THE … or ALL OF THE … (with OR
without of):
   ...All the students in our class passed the exam. (OR All of the students …) 
   ...Amy has lived in London all her life. (OR… all of her life.)

Question 2

• all of it / most of them / none of us etc

   all           
   most              it …
   some    of      them … 
   any                 us... 
   none               you...

Answer 2

…You can have some of this cake, but not all of it.
…A: Do you know those people?
B: Most of them, but not all of them.
…Some of us are going out tonight. Why don’t you come with us?
…I have a lot of books, but I haveN’T read ANY of them.
…‘How many of these books have you read?’ ‘NONE of them.’