Determiners and pronouns - some and any

Question 1

• Use SOME in POSITIVE sentences

* Use ANY in NEGATIVE sentences:

Answer 1

…I’m going to buy some clothes.
…There’s some milk in the fridge.
…We made some mistakes

…I’m not going to buy any clothes.
…There isn’t any milk in the fridge.
…We didn’t make any mistakes.

Question 2

• In MOST QUESTIONS (but NOT all) we use ANY (NOT some)
  → nesse caso, a pergunta não precisa estar numa setença negativa para se usar o ANY
• We normally use SOME (NOT any) when we OFFER things (Would you like … ?)
• or when we ASK for things (Can I have … ? etc.)

Answer 2

...Is there any milk in the fridge?
...Does he have any friends?
   or
...Doesn't he have any friends?
...Do you need any help?

…A: Would you like some coffee?
B: Yes, please.

…A: Can I have some soup, please?
B: Yes. Help yourself.
…A: Can you lend me some money?
B: Sure. How much do you need?

Question 3

• some and any WITHOUT a NOUN

Answer 3

…I didn’t take any pictures, but Jessica took SOME. (= some pictures)
…You can have some coffee, but I don’t want ANY. (= any coffee)
…I’ve just made some coffee. Would you like SOME? (= some coffee)
…‘Where’s your luggage?’ ‘I don’t have ANY.’ (= any luggage)
…‘Are there any biscuits?’ ‘Yes, there are SOME in the kitchen.’ (= some biscuits)

Question 4

• something / somebody (or someone)
  → same rule: POSITIVE sentences, questions when whe OFFER things or when we ASK for things
• anything / anybody (or anyone)
  → same rule: NEGATIVE sentences and QUESTIONS

Answer 4

…She said something.
…I saw somebody (or someone).
…Would you like something to eat?
…Somebody’s at the door

…She didn’t say anything.
…I didn’t see anybody (or anyone).
…Are you doing anything tonight?
…Where’s Sue? Has anybody seen her?