Desining An Observation Flashcards
Self report
Ppts give information to researcher to provide details on thoughts/feelings and behaviours
Involves ppts responding to questions in a questionnaire or and interview
Questions in questionnaire can be open or closed
Questions In an interview can be structured or unstructured
Questionares
Questionares form part survey
Involves asking large sample information on specific topic
Pre set list of written questions
Purpose of survey is to get good representation of target population so you can generalise results
Questionare strength
Reduction in investigater effects as researcher does not have to be present whilst ppts do questions
Thus researchers response will not influence the ppts answers increasing internal validity
Questionare strength
Can be given to large quantities
As researchers does not have to be presents when ppts complete
Increasing generisibility of findings unlike interviews where researcher has to be present for each interview
Increasing external validity
Questionare limitation
Social desirability
People may lie to present themselves in best light
Lowering internal validity
Whereas interview takes place face to face may reduce bias as it’s difficult to lie face to face
Open questions
Ppts give answer using own words
Greater detail
Gain qualitative data , non numerical
Describe…
Explain…
Give and example when…
Closed questions
Responses are fixed eg yes or no
Or rating scales
Gain quantitive data , ppts answers are numbers
Open and qualitative data (s) and (w)
S- provides in depth rich detailed data,providing greater understanding of behaviour in question
W-researcher bias as ppts responses open to interpretation of researcher
Closed and quantative data
S- easier to analyse allowing comparisons to be made between groups of people thus conclusion can be made
W-lack depth , answers could lack validity
Structured interview
Questions are pre set
Less likely to deviate from topic
Asked same questions on exact same order
Cannot ask extra questions based on answers given
Structure interview strength and limitation
S- all ppts get same questions , possible to compare results.
Identify trends and patterns
L-cannot deviate from pre set questions , cannot follow up lines of enquiry
May not get full understanding of behaviour
Unstructured interview
No set questions , each interview gets different questions
Questions are based on responses of interviewee
Questions asked are most likely to be open
Unstructured interview strength and limitation
S- more in depth responses gain fuller understanding of ppts behaviour
L-hard to identify patterns and trends as all ppts asked different questions , responses are harder to analyse and compare
Interview
Method for asking questions , face to face , over the phone or computers such as Skype
There are two types of interviews structured or unstructured
