Deseases for Exam 2

Question 1

rocky mountain spotted fever is also known as/causes

Answer 1

cardiomyopathy

Question 2

myopathy =

Answer 2

muscle disease

Question 3

rocky mountain spotted fever is caused by

Answer 3

tick: rickettsia rickettsia

Question 4

rocky mountain spotted fever is characterized by the presence of ____ ____ occurring on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet

Answer 4

petechial hemorrhages

Question 5

small purplish spot on body surface, such as skin or mucus membranes, caused by a minute hemorrhage on after seen in lymph

Answer 5

petechial hemorrhages

Question 6

in rocky mountain spotted fever, the _____ shows mononuclear cell infiltration

Answer 6

myocardium

Question 7

greek word meaning gruel or paste

Answer 7

athero

Question 8

greek word meaning hardness

Answer 8

sclerosis

Question 9

hardening of the arteries

Answer 9

atherosclerosis

Question 10

atherosclerosis is caused by the build up (called a ___) of fatty substance, cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium, and other substances in the tunica intima of an artery

Answer 10

plaque

Question 11

atherosclerosis is caused by the build up (called a plaque) of fatty substance, cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium, and other substances in the ___ __ of an artery

Answer 11

tunica intima

Question 12

(atherosclerosis ) if a blockage happens in a vessel carrying blood to heart muscle

Answer 12

heart attack

Question 13

(atherosclerosis ) if blockage happens in a vessel carrying blood to the brain

Answer 13

stroke

Question 14

(atherosclerosis ) if blockage happens in a vessel carrying blood to arm or leg, can cause weakness and eventually necrosis

Answer 14

gangrene

Question 15

atherosclerotic aneurysm of the aorta usually rupture around ____ cm in size
- can be felt on physical examination as a ___ ___ in the abdomen

Answer 15

6-7cm

pulsatile mass

Question 16

most atherosclerotic aneurysms are conveniently located below the renal arteries so that surgical resection can be performed with placement of a ____ ___

Answer 16

dracon graft

Question 17

new growth , tumor

• proliferation of malignant plasma cells in bone marrow- form lytic zones in marrow
• most common: 10% of lymphohematopoietic malignancies

Answer 17

plasma cell neoplasia

Question 18

one of the more com one lymphatic cancers in adults, diagnosed with lymph node biopsy, arises from B lymphocytes

Answer 18

follicular lymphoma

Question 19

abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in an organ

Answer 19

follicular hyperplasia

Question 20

hyperplasia is ___ a carcinoma or an adenoma

Answer 20

NOT

Question 21

a malignant tumor

Answer 21

carcinoma

Question 22

a benign tumor

Answer 22

adenoma

Question 23

caused by overproduction of corticosteriods (cortisol)

Answer 23

Cushing’s syndrome

Question 24

symptoms: upper body obesity, rounded face, slow growth rate, severe fatigue, weak muscle, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, irritability, anxiety, depression,
- women have hair on face, neck and chests

Answer 24

Cushing’s syndrome

Question 25

Cushing's syndrome is caused by

Answer 25

overproduction of corticosteriods (cortisol)

Question 26

treatment for Cushing's syndrome

Answer 26

drugs sometimes effective | - partial or total adrenolectomy

Question 27

total adrenolectomy causes ___ ___ in 5-10% of patients - causes enlargement of pituitary, overproduction of pituitary hormones - person muse take corticosteriods for life

Answer 27

Nelson's syndrome

Question 28

excess of thyroid hormone resulting from an overactive thyroid gland

Answer 28

hyperthyroidism

Question 29

increased heart rate, weight loses, depression and cognitive slowing are symptoms of

Answer 29

hyperthyroidism

Question 30

the follicles are small and there is considerate scalloping around edges of the colloid due to overproduction of thyroid hormone

Answer 30

hyperthyroidism

Question 31

bad breath

Answer 31

halitosis

Question 32

calcareous concretion that forms in palatine and lingual tonsil crypts - not usually harmful, but can cause halitosis (bad breath)

Answer 32

tonsilloliths | or tonsil stones

Question 33

reduction in blood flow and oxygen

Answer 33

ischemia

Question 34

twisting

Answer 34

torsion

Question 35

soap production

Answer 35

saponification

Question 36

giant peritoneal loose body

Answer 36

forms from fatty acids combining with calcium, and it can detach fro wall of colon and ends up free in peritoneal cavity.

Question 37

sometimes associated with bowel obstruction but usually harmless

Answer 37

giant peritoneal loose body

Question 38

DMD=?

Answer 38

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 39

``` symptoms progressive muscle weakness usually in a wheel chair by early teens respiratory muscle eventually involved death in late teens to early 30s ```

Answer 39

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 40

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy are caused by a defect in _____, a protein important in anchoring muscle fibers to the exrtacellular matrix

Answer 40

dystrophin

Question 41

in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, the absence of dystrophin allows excess ____ to enter the muscle cell. this somehow eventually causes causes damage to the sarcolemma and the cell dies

Answer 41

Ca++

Question 42

inheritance for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is an ___ linked recessive conditions, hence ____ are affected and ____ are carriers

Answer 42

X linked recessive condition | males are affected and females are carriers