Circulatory System Flashcards
2 major components of the circulatory system
- cardiovascular system
2. lymph vascular system
6 components of the cardiovascular system
- heart
- arteries
- arterioles
- capillaries
- venules
- veins
2 parts of the lymph vascular system
- blind ended lymphatic capillaries
2. larger lymphatic vessels
2 major components of the cardiovascular system
- arterial system
2. venus system
2 major circulatory loops
- systemic loop
2. pulmonary loop
three layers of a blood vessel
inner: tunica intima
tunica media
outer: tunica adventitia
tunica intima is made of ____ ____ ____ called the ____
simple squamous epithelium
endothelium
in muscular arteries, a band of elastin is present in the intima, directly adjacent to the underlying tunica media called the ____ ____ ____
internal elastic membrane (lamina)
this layer encircles the tunica intima
consists of smooth muscle, collagen (type 3), elastin, and various proteoglycans
tunica media
in muscular arteries a layer of elastin called the __ ___ ___ separates the intima front he media
internal elastic lamina (membrane)
in LARGER muscular arteries, an ____ ____ ____ may separate the media from the outer adventitia layer
external elastic lamina (membrane)
also called the tunica externa
- connective tissue layer outside the tunica media, high content of collagen and elastic fibers in extracellular matrix between fibroblasts
- gradually becomes continuous with the connective tissue of the organ/ tissue the vessel is in
tunica adventitia
in larger vessels a net work of small blood vessels called the __ _____ is present in the adventitia
vasa vasorum
the internal elastic membrane is a predominant feature in
muscular arteries
tunica media consists of a thick smooth muscle layer with as many as 40 layers of smooth muscle encircling the artery
muscular arteries
small arterial vessels 0.04-0.4 mm in diameter
arterioles
connect larger arterioles to capillaries
less than 40 um in diameter
metarterioles
in capillaries, cells called ____ may be sporadically found between the basal lamina and the endothelial cells. these cells may be able o contract and thus constrict capillaries
pericytes
capillary walls are formed from ___ ___ ___ called _______, which is surrounded by a ___ ____
simple squamous epithelium
endothelium
basal lamina
the circumference of the endothelial wall of a capillary is formed by 2-3 squamous cells held together by ______ or ____ _____
occluding or gap junctions
3 types of capillaries
- continuous capillaries
- fenestrated or perforated capillaries
- sinusoïdal capillaires or Sinusoids
type of capillary where
no fenestrae or pores in wall
most capillaries are of this type
continuous capillaries
type of capillary where
fenestrations penetrate the endothelia cells
- found in tissues where rapid exchange of substances occurs
ex: glomeruli of kidney
fenestrated or perforated capillaries
type of capillary where
- highly convoluted with enlarged diameter
- open spaces (pores) are present between the endothelial cells
- phagocytic cells present in endothelial layer
- in liver, bone marrow, spleen
sinusoidal capillaires or Sinusoids
