descriptive statistics (A) Flashcards
what is meant by descriptive statistics?
Descriptive statistics are brief descriptive coefficients that summarize a given data set, which can be either a representation of the entire or a sample of a population.
what is descriptive statistics are involved with this set?
- measure of central tendency
- measures of spread (dispersion)
what are the measures of central tendency?
- mean / average
- mode / popular
- median / middle
what are the measures of dispersion?
- range
- IQR
- Sandard deviation
what is meant by measures of central tendency?
term term average is used in everyday life ro express an amount that is typical for a group of people / things
typical tendency of groups
measures of CT is a single value that attempts to describe a set of data by identifying the central position in data set
why is average useful?
useful indicator of the general trend
- summarise large amounts of data
- indicate that there is some variability around the single value within original data
what are the pros of the mean?
- most popular measure
- yields one distinct answer
- useful for comparing data sets
what are the cons of the mean/
- answer can be affected by extreme values (outliers) or when skewed data is present
- mean has tendency to be pulled towards extreme values
what are the pros of the median?
- unaffected by extreme values
- if there is skewed data it may be more informative decriptce measure then the mean
what are the cons of the median?
- less amenable then the mean
what ate the pros of them doe?
- easy to obtain
- only measure that can used for data on nominal scale
what are the cons of the mode?
- it is not very stable from sample to sample
- there may be more than one mode for a particular score
what is non skewed data?
equal (perfect distribution)
mean is preferred
what is skewed data?
large amounts of outliers
median is less affected by skewed dat and id generally considered to be the best
when do you use the mode?
for nominal data