Dermatology Pharmacology and Prescribing Flashcards
what are the causes of prescription errors?
Lack of knowledge
About the patient, the medication, allergies
Mistake writing/generating the prescription
Poor communication
No local or national guidelines
what is pharmacokinetics?
The effect of the body on the drug
what is pharmacodynamics?
The effect of the drug on the body
what is distribution of the drug?
where the drug goes
what should you think about when regarding pharmacodynamics
Age of patient
Pregnancy risk
Drug interactions
Pharmacogenetics
what are the factors associated with poor adherence?
Psychiatric co-morbidities Slower acting agents Multiple applications per day Lack of patient education Cosmetic acceptability of treatments Unintentional non-adherence
what is topical therapy?
Medication applied to the skin
what are the factors that affect absorption?
Concentration Base/vehicle Chemical properties of the drug Thickness and hydration of stratum corneum Temperature Skin site Occlusion
what are the vehicles of drugs?
Solution Paste Cream Spray powder Lotion Shampoo Gel Ointment Foam Paint Tape
whatare some examples of drugs that are topical
Corticosteroid Chemotherapy Antibiotic Parasiticidals Antiviral Coal Tar Dithranol Anti-inflammatory Vitamin analogues Salicylic acid
whatare characteristics of topical steroids?
Anti- inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties
what are some side effects pf topical steriods?
Thinning /atrophy Striae Bruising Hirsutism Telangiectasia Acne/rosacea/perioral dermatitis Glaucoma Systemic absorption Cataracts
what are systemic treatments in dermatology?
Retinoids
Traditional immunosuppressants
Biologics (also immunosuppressive)
what are retinoids?
Vitamin A analogues
Normalise keratinocyte function
Anti inflammatory and anti cancer effects
what are retinoids effective in?
acne
psoriasis
cutaneous T cell lymphoma
hand eczema
