acneiforms eruptions

Question 1

true or false:

mild acne is the cause of inflamatation

Answer 1

false

its non-inflammatory

Question 2

what is the range of comedones and inflammatory lesions in mild acne?

Answer 2

<20 comedonens

<15 inflam lesions

Question 3

what are closed comedones?

Answer 3

whiteheads

Question 4

what are open comedones?

Answer 4

blackheads

Question 5

what are the inflammatory lesions in moderate acne?

Answer 5

papules, pustules, nodules and cysts

Question 6

what are the range of comedones and inflammatory lesions?

Answer 6

20–100comedones

15–50inflammatorylesions

Question 7

what is the total comedones and inflammatory count in severe acne?

Answer 7

Totalcomedocount >100

Totalinflammatorycount >50

Question 8

what is the most severe form of cystic acne?

Answer 8

Fulminans

Question 9

what is Fulminans characterised by?

Answer 9

abrupt onset of nodular and suppurative acne with systemic manifestations

Question 10

what are the types of drugs that induce acne?

Answer 10

Can be seen as a side effect of numerous medications (anabolic steroids, corticosteroids, phenytoin, lithium)

Question 11

what is acne excoriee?

Answer 11

Papules and comedones are neurotically excoriated leaving crusted lesions that may scar.

Question 12

what are treatments for acne?

Answer 12

topical retinoids
Benzoyl Peroxide
topicalantibiotics (Clindamycin/Erythromycin)
azelaic acid
antibiotic tablets ( Lymecycline, Tetracyclin)
in women, thecombined oral contraceptive pill
isotretinoin tablets

Question 13

what is the pathogenesis in Rosacea?

Answer 13

Causes remain uncertain.

In contrast to acne vulgaris, rosacea is not associated with seborrhoea

Damage to dermal connective tissue (radiation)?

Abnormal vascular reactivity?

Sensitivity to noxious stimuli is increased

Increased number of demodex folliculorum

Question 14

what are some clinical features to rosacea?

Answer 14

Polimorphic disease with several variants

Affects central convex areas of the face (nose, forehead, cheeks, chin)

Onset marked by vascular changes, notably episodic flushing with no sweating.

Erythema with burning sensation is easily triggered by minor irritants. (stress, hot drinks, alcohol,spices)

Papules and pustules in more advanced cases, WITHOUT COMEDONES

Persistent tissue thickening due to oedema, fibrosis and glandular hyperplasia.

Question 15

what are symptoms of vascular rosacea?

Answer 15

Recurrent Blush

Telangiectasias begin to form, initially in the nasal area

Question 16

what are the symptoms of inflammatory rosacea?

Answer 16

Small papules and pustules to occasional deep cystic nodules.
Absence of comedones
Deeper red colour when compared to acne
Soft or solid facial oedema

Question 17

what are the symptoms of phymatous rosacea?

Answer 17

Overgrowth of sebaceous glands
Skin becomes swollen and smoother. Pores become more apparent
Gradually, a lumpy surface develops.

Question 18

what are symptoms of ocular rosacea?

Answer 18

sensation of dryness or tired eyes to edema, tearing, pain, chalazia and corneal damage.

Question 19

what is treatment of rosacea?

Answer 19

Can be difficult to treat
Avoidance of obvious vasodilators and irritants
Metronidazole cream or gel is a major topical therapy
azelaic acid cream or gel
ivermectin cream
Tetracyclines are the most prescribed oral medications
Surgery for rhinophymas