Dermatology Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Aetiologies of impetigo?

A

Staph aureus, Strep. pyogenes RF: poor hygiene, skin conditions which break epidermis

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2
Q

Signs and symptoms of impetigo?

A

Localised lesions which turn honey-crusted (nb) or weeping pustules (bu)

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3
Q

Management of impetigo?

A

Topical fusidic acid for local diseaseOral flucloxacillin for widespread disease

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4
Q

Complications of impetigo?

A

Scarlet fever/glomerulonephritis

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5
Q

Aetiologies of cellulitis?

A

Causitive organisms - Staph aureus, Strep pyogenes

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6
Q

Signs and symptoms of cellulitis?

A

Unilateral, usually lower limb, symptoms Erythema, rigor, tenderness, fever, wet and weepy skinOedema

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7
Q

Investigations of cellulitis?

A

Skin cultures in unsure cases Blood cultures +/- FNA in atypical disease

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8
Q

Management of cellulitis?

A

Mild - oral flucloxacilllin and benzlpenicillinSevere - admit and give abx + analgesia

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9
Q

Aetiologies of candida albicans?

A

RF - antibiotic overuse, venous catheters, parenteral feeding, immunocompromisation, DM

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10
Q

signs and symptoms of candida albicans?

A

soreness/itching with red, moist areas with ragged peeling edges or pustules with red base and yellow white scales and macerated edges

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11
Q

Management of candida alibicans?

A

Nystatin

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12
Q

Pathology of HPV?

A

Viral warts

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13
Q

Signs and symptoms of HPV?

A

Common viral warts: papule on hands and feet +/- small black spots

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14
Q

Signs and symptoms of molluscs contagiosum?

A

Small multiple translucent papule with solid base +/- central depressionCan occur anywhere

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15
Q

Pathology of Herpes simplex infection?

A

Caused by HSV virus Infection which causes a cell-mediated immune response?

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16
Q

Signs and symptoms of type 1 Herpes simplex?

A

Asymptomatic to nothing more severe than self-limiting pyrexiaRecurrent infections present as cold sores

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17
Q

Management of Herpes simplex?

A

Topical or oral aciclovir

18
Q

Signs and symptoms of HSV infection?

A

Prodromal tingling and pain Followed by dermatomal painful, tender eruptions of blisters lasting 2-4 weeks

19
Q

Management of HSV infection?

A

Analgesia Aciclovir/other antivirals

20
Q

Aetiologies of scabies?

A

Infestation by mite

21
Q

Signs and symptoms of scabies?

A

Itchy red papules occuring anywherePruritus worse at night

22
Q

Management of scabies?

A

Topical scabicide

23
Q

Aetiologies of basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma?

A

UV radiation SmokingChronic inflammatory conditions Other chemical carcinogens

24
Q

Pathology of basal cell carcinoma?

A

Malignant tumour of the skin which arises from the hair follicles

25
Q

Pathology of squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Malignant tumour of the keratinising epidermal cells

26
Q

Signs and symptoms of basal cell carcinoma?

A

‘rodent’ lesionsSmall, translucent, pearly lesions with telangictasic edges Common sites - head and neck

27
Q

Signs and symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Lesion with persistent ulceration and or keratinisationVariable shapes, sizes, colours

28
Q

Investigations for basal and squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Biopsy for histological evidence

29
Q

Management of basal cell carcinoma?

A

Radiotherpapy Cryotherapy and/or photodynamic therapy complimentary to surgical excision + border

30
Q

Management of squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Complimentary radiotherapy Surgical excision and border

31
Q

Aetiologies of malignant melanoma?

A

UV RADIATION Genetic susceptibility Familial melanoma

32
Q

Pathology of malignant melanoma?

A

Pigmented skin which has turned malignant

33
Q

Signs and symptoms of malignant melanoma?

A

Arouse suspicion if existing mole changes size, colour, diameter, inflammation, ooziness, itchinessLarge variations in patterns

34
Q

Investigations of malignant melanoma?

A

Refer to dermatology is > 1mm thick Dermascope

35
Q

Management of malignant melanoma?

A

Surgical excision + border + lymph nodes

36
Q

Aetiologies of atopic dermatitis?

A

Atopy

37
Q

Signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis?

A

Bouts of icy, erythematous, scaly patches which are most common in the extensor folds Very acute presentations can be weepy Scratching produces exacerbations and lichenification

38
Q

Management of atopic dermatitis?

A

Emollients and varying potencies of topical steroids

39
Q

Signs and symptoms of common plaque psoriasis?

A

Characterised by pink/red scaly plaques with a silver scale seen usually on extensor surfaces, lower back, ears and scalp

40
Q

Signs and symptoms of guttate psoriasis?

A

Common in younger generationEruption of very small circular places over trunk around 2 weeks post infection

41
Q

Signs and symptoms of erythrodermic psoriasis?

A

Diffuse red and hot skin usually without normal plaques Scaling is fine and flaky, painful and itchy Patients will be systemically unwell

42
Q

signs and Symptoms of pustular psoriasis?

A

Non-infective pustules arise due to intense inflammation of the skinCan occur alongside EP or just with systemic unrest