Dermatology Conditions

Question 1

Aetiologies of impetigo?

Answer 1

Staph aureus, Strep. pyogenes RF: poor hygiene, skin conditions which break epidermis

Question 2

Signs and symptoms of impetigo?

Answer 2

Localised lesions which turn honey-crusted (nb) or weeping pustules (bu)

Question 3

Management of impetigo?

Answer 3

Topical fusidic acid for local diseaseOral flucloxacillin for widespread disease

Question 4

Complications of impetigo?

Answer 4

Scarlet fever/glomerulonephritis

Question 5

Aetiologies of cellulitis?

Answer 5

Causitive organisms - Staph aureus, Strep pyogenes

Question 6

Signs and symptoms of cellulitis?

Answer 6

Unilateral, usually lower limb, symptoms Erythema, rigor, tenderness, fever, wet and weepy skinOedema

Question 7

Investigations of cellulitis?

Answer 7

Skin cultures in unsure cases Blood cultures +/- FNA in atypical disease

Question 8

Management of cellulitis?

Answer 8

Mild - oral flucloxacilllin and benzlpenicillinSevere - admit and give abx + analgesia

Question 9

Aetiologies of candida albicans?

Answer 9

RF - antibiotic overuse, venous catheters, parenteral feeding, immunocompromisation, DM

Question 10

signs and symptoms of candida albicans?

Answer 10

soreness/itching with red, moist areas with ragged peeling edges or pustules with red base and yellow white scales and macerated edges

Question 11

Management of candida alibicans?

Answer 11

Nystatin

Question 12

Pathology of HPV?

Answer 12

Viral warts

Question 13

Signs and symptoms of HPV?

Answer 13

Common viral warts: papule on hands and feet +/- small black spots

Question 14

Signs and symptoms of molluscs contagiosum?

Answer 14

Small multiple translucent papule with solid base +/- central depressionCan occur anywhere

Question 15

Pathology of Herpes simplex infection?

Answer 15

Caused by HSV virus Infection which causes a cell-mediated immune response?

Question 16

Signs and symptoms of type 1 Herpes simplex?

Answer 16

Asymptomatic to nothing more severe than self-limiting pyrexiaRecurrent infections present as cold sores

Question 17

Management of Herpes simplex?

Answer 17

Topical or oral aciclovir

Question 18

Signs and symptoms of HSV infection?

Answer 18

Prodromal tingling and pain Followed by dermatomal painful, tender eruptions of blisters lasting 2-4 weeks

Question 19

Management of HSV infection?

Answer 19

Analgesia Aciclovir/other antivirals

Question 20

Aetiologies of scabies?

Answer 20

Infestation by mite

Question 21

Signs and symptoms of scabies?

Answer 21

Itchy red papules occuring anywherePruritus worse at night

Question 22

Management of scabies?

Answer 22

Topical scabicide

Question 23

Aetiologies of basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 23

UV radiation SmokingChronic inflammatory conditions Other chemical carcinogens

Question 24

Pathology of basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 24

Malignant tumour of the skin which arises from the hair follicles

Question 25

Pathology of squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 25

Malignant tumour of the keratinising epidermal cells

Question 26

Signs and symptoms of basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 26

'rodent' lesionsSmall, translucent, pearly lesions with telangictasic edges Common sites - head and neck

Question 27

Signs and symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 27

Lesion with persistent ulceration and or keratinisationVariable shapes, sizes, colours

Question 28

Investigations for basal and squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 28

Biopsy for histological evidence

Question 29

Management of basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 29

Radiotherpapy Cryotherapy and/or photodynamic therapy complimentary to surgical excision + border

Question 30

Management of squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 30

Complimentary radiotherapy Surgical excision and border

Question 31

Aetiologies of malignant melanoma?

Answer 31

UV RADIATION Genetic susceptibility Familial melanoma

Question 32

Pathology of malignant melanoma?

Answer 32

Pigmented skin which has turned malignant

Question 33

Signs and symptoms of malignant melanoma?

Answer 33

Arouse suspicion if existing mole changes size, colour, diameter, inflammation, ooziness, itchinessLarge variations in patterns

Question 34

Investigations of malignant melanoma?

Answer 34

Refer to dermatology is > 1mm thick Dermascope

Question 35

Management of malignant melanoma?

Answer 35

Surgical excision + border + lymph nodes

Question 36

Aetiologies of atopic dermatitis?

Answer 36

Atopy

Question 37

Signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis?

Answer 37

Bouts of icy, erythematous, scaly patches which are most common in the extensor folds Very acute presentations can be weepy Scratching produces exacerbations and lichenification

Question 38

Management of atopic dermatitis?

Answer 38

Emollients and varying potencies of topical steroids

Question 39

Signs and symptoms of common plaque psoriasis?

Answer 39

Characterised by pink/red scaly plaques with a silver scale seen usually on extensor surfaces, lower back, ears and scalp

Question 40

Signs and symptoms of guttate psoriasis?

Answer 40

Common in younger generationEruption of very small circular places over trunk around 2 weeks post infection

Question 41

Signs and symptoms of erythrodermic psoriasis?

Answer 41

Diffuse red and hot skin usually without normal plaques Scaling is fine and flaky, painful and itchy Patients will be systemically unwell

Question 42

signs and Symptoms of pustular psoriasis?

Answer 42

Non-infective pustules arise due to intense inflammation of the skinCan occur alongside EP or just with systemic unrest