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Studying > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Essential features atopic dermatitis

A
  1. dermatitis
  2. pruritis
  3. chronic or relapsing
  4. appropriate age-specific distribution

For exam if say axilla or groin do not say AD
Or if older child with new onset do not think AD

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2
Q

Eczema herpeticum management

A
  1. swab for HSV PCR for confirmation
  2. acyclovir x 7-10 day
    Use Iv if < 1 yr, if fever/systemic symptoms, severe, poor oral intake
  3. ophtho if V1 area
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3
Q

Pityriasis rosea features

A
  • herald patch
  • generalized erythematous plaques/papules with scale
  • evolves over 1-3 week
  • christmas tree patter
  • asymptomatic or pruritic
    resolves by 3 months
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4
Q

Psoriasis comorbidities

A
  • arthritis
  • obesity
  • HTN
  • diabetes
  • metabolic syndrome
  • CVD
  • IBD
  • depression
  • eating disorder
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5
Q

Mid-childhood acne (age 1-7yo)

A
  • pathological until proven otherwise!
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6
Q

Acne treatment guidelines

A

Mild: topical: retinoid or BPO
Moderate: combined topicals +/- oral tx
Severe: combined topical + oral tx or isotretinoin

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7
Q

Isotretinoin side effects

A
  • teratogenicity
  • elevation of lipids, liver enzymes
  • change in night vision
  • mucocutaneous dryness
  • HA, pseudotumor cerebri
  • myalgia, arthritis
  • depressive sx
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8
Q

Staph scalded skin syndrome management

think well/ non toxic with blisters and erosions

A
  • Admit
  • IV cloxacillin/cefazolin and clindamycin
  • pain control
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9
Q

Tinea capitis treament

A

Oral terbinafine x 4-6 weeks (baseline liver enzymes and q4-6 weeks)

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10
Q

Acquired focal alopecia DDX (As and 3Ts)

A
  1. alopecia areata
  2. tinea capitis
  3. trichotillomania
  4. traumatic/traction
    (secondary syphilis, psoriasis)
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11
Q

Acquired diffuse alopecia DDX

A
  1. telogen effluvium (most common)
  2. anagen effluvium
  3. androgenetic alopecia
  4. generalized alopecia areata
  5. hypothyroidism
  6. lupus
  7. iron deficiency anemia
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12
Q

Infantile hemangioma patter of growth

A 
Birth - no lesion or precursor lesion
1-3 months - rapid growth
3-6 month - slow growth
6mo - 1 yr - plateau phase
>9mo - 1 yr - slow involution
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13
Q

Hemangiomas require treatment

A
  1. ulceration
  2. disfigurement risk/ cosmetically sensitive areas
  3. impairment function/vital structures
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14
Q

Hemangioma features associated with systemic disease

A
  • more than 5: risk of visceral IH
  • beard area: risk of airway IH
  • midline along spine
  • large segmental facial lesions: PHACE syndrome
  • lumbosacral/perineal: LUMBAR syndrome
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15
Q

PHACE syndrome

A
  • posterior fossa abnormalities
  • hemangioma (segmental)
  • arterial anomalies
  • cardiac abnormalities/aortic abN
  • eye abnormalities
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16
Q

Sturge-Weber features

A
  1. capillary malformation (forehead)
  2. glaucoma
  3. CNS: leptomeningeal CVM, seizures, stroke like episodes, ID
17
Q

Tuberous sclerosis major criteria

A 
ASSCHLEAFS
- Ashleaf spots 3+
- Subependymal nodule, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma + cortical tubers
- Heart rhabdomyoma
- Lung lymphangioleiomyomatosis
- Eye: retinal hamartomas 
- Angiomyolipoma of renal
- Facial angiogribroma OR forehead plaque AND fibromas of ungual or periungual
- Shagreen patch
 = ASS(+C)HLEAFFS
18
Q

Erythema multiforme features

A
  • grouped, red edematous fixed papules
  • may evolve into target lesions
  • acrofacial sites
  • itchy and burn
  • may have shallow mouth ulcers only (no other MM involvement)
19
Q

Erythema multiforme cause and treatment

A

HSV = #1 trigger (others = mycoplasma etc)
Treatment: anti-histamines, topical steroids
resolves within 2 weeks, but frequently recurs

20
Q

Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME)

features

A

Mucositis with minimal skin involvement/detachment, lackign dusky/purpuric areas think RIME

21
Q

SJS features

A
  • drug started in previous 6-8 weeks (1-3 weeks as per other notes)
  • rapid progression
  • acutely unwell
  • mucosal erosions/ulcerations and crust
  • purpuric patches evolve to blistering
22
Q

SJS/TEN management

A
  • stop all potentially offending drugs

- supportive therapy

23
Q

Erythema nodosum etiologies

A
  • # 1 cause = GAS
  • viruses: EBV, HBV, mumps, URTI
  • fungi
  • bacteria: TB, cat-scratch, yersinia, mycopalasma
  • Drugs: OCP, sulfonamidse
  • other: IBD, SLE, behcet, srcoid etc.
24
Q

congenital melanocytic nevi

- large and giant

A

Large > 20 cm
Giant > 40cm

if large 50% will get melanoma before 5 yrs

25
Q

NF type 1

A
  • CALMs 6+ (0.5cm if prepubertal, 1.5cm if postpubertal)
  • axillary/inguinal freckling
  • family history - 1st degree relative
  • eye: lisch nodules
  • skeletal dysplasia
  • plexiform neurofibroma
  • optic tumor

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