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clin. med > dermatology > Flashcards

dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

2 dermatology therapies

A

topical or systemic

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2
Q

when are allergy shots used

A

prior to C.S.

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3
Q

what is the best test before allergy shots are given

A

skin

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4
Q

name an immunosuppressive agent

A

cyclosporine

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5
Q

side effects of cyclosporine

A

liver toxicity, gingival hyperplasia

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6
Q

1 derm drug

A

cephalexin

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7
Q

what is clavamox

A

amoxycillin and clavolanic acid

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8
Q

enroflaxacin

A

flouroquinalone, baytril

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9
Q

what is enrofloxacin used to treat

A

severe infections

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10
Q

what treats staph.

A

neomycin, gentamycin, mupirocin

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11
Q

what is a major side effect of neomycin

A

orally toxic (topical only)

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12
Q

gentamycin side effects

A

nephrotoxic (IV) ototoxic

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13
Q

which antibiotic is a bactoderm

A

mupirocin

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14
Q

what is miconazol

A

a topical ointment and shampoo used to treat ringworm and yeast

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15
Q

name 3 antihistamines

A

diphenhydraamine, hydroxyzine, cyproheptadine

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16
Q

long acting steroids

A

pred, methylpred, betamethosone

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17
Q

what is ivermectin

A

antiparacytic

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18
Q

when should ivermectin not be used

A

in herding breeds

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19
Q

what does frontline plus treat

A

fleas, larva, chewing lice, sarcoptis, chyletiella

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20
Q

how long should therapeutic shampoos stay on

A

10 min

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21
Q

what strength is prescription chlorhexidine

A

> 2%

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22
Q

what does cholhexidine do

A

antimicrobial; kills bacteria and yeast

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23
Q

what does iodine do

A

antimicrobial, removes exudate

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24
Q

what does benzoyl peroxide do

A

antipyritic, andisperitic, keratolytic

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25
Q

what does oatmeal do

A

soothing antipruritic

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26
Q

what does salicylic acid do

A

with sulphur(sulfur); keratolytic, keratoplastic

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27
Q

what does sulphur (sulfur) do

A

antiseptic, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, high levels of antiparasitic

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28
Q

what does tar do

A

degreaser, antipyritic, keretoplastic

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29
Q

what does pramoxine do

A

temporary itch relief, local antistetic, antipyritic

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30
Q

what do corticosteroids do

A

antipruritic, antiinflammatory; spray and shampoo

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31
Q

what does lime sulfur treat

A

yeast/fungus, bacteria, parasites; dips

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32
Q

define pyoderma

A

any perulent skin disease; skin infection; pus in the skin

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33
Q

what causes pyoderma

A

staphylococcus

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34
Q

is pyoderma a primary or secondary infection

A

secondary often due to allergies, nutrition, steroid overuse, ectoparasites, and endocrine disease

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35
Q

pyoderma symptoms

A

pruritis, erythema, alopecia, pustules, exudate

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36
Q

define epidermal collorette

A

red rings

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37
Q

what are the 2 classifications of pyoderma

A

superficial and deep

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38
Q

how is pyoderma diagnosed

A

skin scrapes, impression smears, culture, biopsy, bloodwork

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39
Q

what diagnnostic is best for auto-immune diseases

A

biopsy and bloodwork

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40
Q

what are the treatment options for pyoderma

A

treat underlying cause, antibiotics, antipruritics, flea controll

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41
Q

what is atopy

A

skin allergy

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42
Q

define atopy

A

hypersensitivity to allergens from excess IgE production

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43
Q

atopy symptoms

A

pruritus, pyoderma (feet and ears), miliary dermatitis

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44
Q

how do you diagnose atopy

A

history/symptoms, rule out dz., allergy testing

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45
Q

what is the treatment of atopy

A

immunotherapy, immunosuppressive, symptomatic therapy

46
Q

what is FAD

A

flea allergy dermatitis

47
Q

what is the etiology of FAD

A

hypersensitivity to flea bites

48
Q

what flea causes FAD

A

ctenocephalides felis

49
Q

where are FAD lesions found

A

tailhead

50
Q

how long should you treat for each stage of flea

A

3 months minimum

51
Q

which stages can be treated

A

eggs, pupae, adult

52
Q

what is the most common food allergy

A

protein

53
Q

how long does a food trial last

A

6-8 weeks

54
Q

what is the most common dermaphyte

A

microsporum canis

55
Q

are dermatophytes zoonotic

A

yes

56
Q

what are the clinical signs of dermatophyes in cats

A

asymptomatic

57
Q

symptoms of dermatophytes

A

alopecia, scales, crusting

58
Q

how do you diagnose dermatophytes

A

DTM dermatophyte test medium

59
Q

how long should a DTM be left to grow

A

14 days

60
Q

how long should dermatophytes be treated

A

2 weeks after negative culture

61
Q

clinical signs of hypothyroidism

A

bilaterally symmetrical truncal alopecia

62
Q

clinical signs of hyperadrenocorticism

A

rat tail, thin skin

63
Q

sex hormone imbalance cure

A

spay or neuter

64
Q

common skin disease of bulldogs and boxers

A

seasonal alopecia

65
Q

how is seasonal alopecia treated

A

melatonin

66
Q

what is scabies

A

infestation of mites

67
Q

scabies treatment

A

ivermectin, revolution, frontline, and amitraz dip

68
Q

demodex etiology

A

burrowing mite; demodex canis

69
Q

is demodex zoonotic

A

no

70
Q

demodex treatment

A

benzoyl peroxide shampoo, amitraze, ivermectin, antibiotic

71
Q

cheyletiella AKA.

A

walking dandruff or fur mite

72
Q

is cheyletiella zoonotic

A

yes

73
Q

cheyletiella diagnosis

A

tape prep.

74
Q

cheyletiella treatment

A

ivermectin, frontline, dips

75
Q

cuterebra AKA.

A

warbles

76
Q

myaisis AKA.

A

maggots

77
Q

lice AKA

A

pediculosis

78
Q

define autoimmune skin disease

A

antibodies against basal cell layer of the skin, or disruption of basement membrane

79
Q

how do you cure autoimmune skin disease

A

incurable

80
Q

autoimmune skin disease symptoms

A

erosions, ulcers, pus and crust, may effect nail bed

81
Q

autoimmune skin disease pemphigus

A

skin and MM

82
Q

autoimmune skin disease lupus erythematosus

A

face and feet

83
Q

autoimmune skin disease diagnosis

A

skin biopsy

84
Q

autoimmune skin disease treatment

A

steroids, cyclosporine, antibiotics

85
Q

dermal neoplasia diagnosis

A

FNA, cytology, biopsy

86
Q

dermal neoplasia treatment

A

depends on diagnosis

87
Q

canine melanoma vax.

A

immunology

88
Q

Benign tumors

A

histiocytoma, lipoma, papilloma, sebaceous cyst

89
Q

define lipoma

A

round, soft, fatty mass

90
Q

how do you diagnose lipoma

A

FNA

91
Q

papilloma AKA

A

warts

92
Q

papilloma treatment

A

interferon or azithromycin

93
Q

malignant tumors

A

basal cell tumor, melanoma, mast cell tumor, squamous cell carcinoma, fibrosarcoma

94
Q

what tumor is more common on the head of cats

A

basal cell tumor

95
Q

common oral tumor in dogs

A

melanoma

96
Q

what does a mast cell tumor look like

A

can look like anything

97
Q

what type of granules does a mast cell tumor contain

A

histamine

98
Q

what is the #1 oral tumor in cats

A

squamous cell carcinoma

99
Q

where are squamous cell carcinomas most common

A

on easily sun damaged skin

100
Q

where is a fibrosarcoma found

A

skin and oral cavities

101
Q

what is the hearing organ

A

organ of corti

102
Q

secondary otitis causes

A

bacteria, fungi, malassezia

103
Q

primary otitis causes

A

parasites, atopy, trauma and polups

104
Q

most common otitis etiology in cats

A

malassezia

105
Q

most common otitis classification

A

externae

106
Q

otitis symptoms

A

NONE!, discharge, odor hemattoma, inner ear dz

107
Q

black discharge indicates

A

mites

108
Q

brown discharge indicates

A

yeast

109
Q

yellow discharge indicates

A

bacteria

110
Q

when is saline used to clean the ear

A

tympanic membrane rupture

111
Q

when are antimicrobials used for ears

A

middle ear infections

112
Q

when is ear surgery indicated

A

N-stage ears

clin. med (8 decks)

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