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clin. med > 4: reproductive > Flashcards

4: reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

when is a dogs first “heat”

A

6-12 months

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2
Q

when is a cats first “heat”

A

6-9 months old

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3
Q

what seasons do cats cycle in

A

january-october

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4
Q

when should you first breed a dog

A

2 years in estrus

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5
Q

when does diestrus occur

A

after mating and ovulation

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6
Q

how long is a canine or felines gestation

A

65 days (63 avg.)

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7
Q

how long is a felines proestrus

A

not usually seen, 1-3 days

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8
Q

how long is a felines estrus

A

8-10 days

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9
Q

how long is a felines metestrus

A

1-2 weeks is not ovulated

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10
Q

how long is a felines pseudopregnancy

A

40 days

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11
Q

how long is a felines anestrus

A

2-6 weeks

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12
Q

how long is a felines full estrous cycle

A

1-3 weeks

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13
Q

how often does a felines estrous cycle occur

A

every 2-3 weeks until mating or spaying

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14
Q

what disease is most common in puppies before puberty and rarely in adults

A

vaginitis

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15
Q

what are the CS. of vaginitis

A

mimic UTI- vaginal licking, discharge, pollakiuria

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16
Q

what is pollakiuria

A

increased frequency of urination

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17
Q

what is a fatal female reproductive tract disease

A

pyometra

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18
Q

what stage of estrus does a pyometra occur

A

diestrus

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19
Q

what is a pyometra

A

hormone dysfunction complicated by ascending infection

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20
Q

what could be wrong with a dog who has PU/PD, is depressed, anorexic, possible V+ and D+, discharge, and possible shock

A

pyometra

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21
Q

how do you treat pyometra

A

fluids, ABX, OVH asap

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22
Q

how is the ovary attached to the body wall

A

by a suspensory ligament that must be stretched or torn

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23
Q

what is unique about animals ovaries

A

the left ovary is more caudal

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24
Q

how is the uterus suspended from the body wall

A

broad ligament (must be stretched or torn)

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25
Q

is a pseudopregnancy common in dogs and cats

A

yes

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26
Q

what is a pseudocyesis

A

pseudopregnancy

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27
Q

how do you rule out a pseudocyesis

A

radiograph or ultrasound

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28
Q

is it recommended to spay during a pseudopregnancy

A

no, let it resolve on its own

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29
Q

when can the pregnancy be palpated

A

30-36 days (earlier in cats)

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30
Q

when can an ultrasound be used during pregnancy

A

28 days (earlier in cats)

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31
Q

when can bloodwork be used during pregnancy

A

28 days

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32
Q

when can a radiograph be used during pregnancy

A

45 days

33
Q

when are physical changes of pregnancy seen

A

most obvious in last week

34
Q

when does lactation start

A

a few days before delivery

35
Q

what are the 3 stages of labor

A

preperation, delivery of young, delivery of placenta

36
Q

how long can stage 1 of pregnancy last

A

up to 36 hours (6-12 avg)

37
Q

how long does stage 2 of pregnancy last in dogs

A

24 hours (3-6 avg)

38
Q

how long does stage 2 of pregnancy last in cats

A

4-36 hours

39
Q

how often should a puppy be born

A

20-60 minutes (2 hours MAX)

40
Q

how often should a kitten be born

A

20 min

41
Q

what color discharge may be seen with delivery and how long can it persist

A

green/black; 12-24 hours

42
Q

how soon after a puppy should the placenta be delivered

A

5-15 min

43
Q

what is uterine inertia

A

tired uterus

44
Q

what is given to stimulate breathing in young

A

dopram (1 drop under tongue)

45
Q

what is a neonate soft spot

A

open fontanelle/fontanel (normally closes after birth)

46
Q

how is a cleft palate noticed

A

not growing and nose bubbles

47
Q

what is a omphalocele

A

protrusion of part of intestine through defect in abdominal wall at umbilicus

48
Q

where is progesterone secreted

A

corpus luteum within ovary

49
Q

where and when is prolactin secreted

A

anterior pituitary in last third of pregnancy

50
Q

where and when is oxytocin secreted

A

posterior pituitary in last hours of pregnancy

51
Q

define agalactia

A

no milk production

52
Q

define glactostasis

A

painful enlargement of gland

53
Q

how often should a baby nurse

A

every 2 hours

54
Q

when is the transition to puppy/kitten food

A

4-6 weeks

55
Q

dewclaw removal aka

A

onychectomy

56
Q

when should the dewclaw be removed

A

2-5 days old

57
Q

when should vac. and deworming start

A

6-8 weeks

58
Q

ascending inflammation of the uterus

A

metritis

59
Q

when is metritis seen

A

after parturition and with retained placenta/fetus

60
Q

foul vulvar discharge, acting sick, and lack of maternal behavior indicates what

A

metritis

61
Q

how is metritis treated

A

oxytocin

62
Q

what is a serious illness associated with low Ca levels

A

eclampsia

63
Q

when does eclampsia occur

A

2-4 weeks after whelping in small dogs

64
Q

what does weakness, shaking, seizures, collapse, and death indicate

A

eclampsia

65
Q

shat is SIPS

A

subinvolution of placental sites

66
Q

how long is brown discharge seen in association with SIPS

A

12 weeks

67
Q

mammary tumor malignancy rate in dogs

A

50%

68
Q

mammary tumor malignancy rate in cats

A

80-90%

69
Q

what tumors are uncommon in males and females

A

transmissible venereal

70
Q

what does prolapsed vaginal tissue at start of estrus indicate

A

vaginal hyperplasia

71
Q

what is a zoonotic bacterial infection

A

brucellosis

72
Q

brucellosis treatment

A

long term dox

73
Q

when is a male sexually active

A

10-12 months

74
Q

what is the most common male reproductive disease

A

prostate disease

75
Q

BPH

A

begnine prostate hyperplasia (cause of prostate disease

76
Q

what is persistent frenulum

A

congenital problem- remnent fetal tissue

77
Q

what is blanoposthitis

A

inflammation of mucosal lining in prepuce

78
Q

what is paraphimosis

A

inability to retract penis

clin. med (8 decks)

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