4: reproductive Flashcards
when is a dogs first “heat”
6-12 months
when is a cats first “heat”
6-9 months old
what seasons do cats cycle in
january-october
when should you first breed a dog
2 years in estrus
when does diestrus occur
after mating and ovulation
how long is a canine or felines gestation
65 days (63 avg.)
how long is a felines proestrus
not usually seen, 1-3 days
how long is a felines estrus
8-10 days
how long is a felines metestrus
1-2 weeks is not ovulated
how long is a felines pseudopregnancy
40 days
how long is a felines anestrus
2-6 weeks
how long is a felines full estrous cycle
1-3 weeks
how often does a felines estrous cycle occur
every 2-3 weeks until mating or spaying
what disease is most common in puppies before puberty and rarely in adults
vaginitis
what are the CS. of vaginitis
mimic UTI- vaginal licking, discharge, pollakiuria
what is pollakiuria
increased frequency of urination
what is a fatal female reproductive tract disease
pyometra
what stage of estrus does a pyometra occur
diestrus
what is a pyometra
hormone dysfunction complicated by ascending infection
what could be wrong with a dog who has PU/PD, is depressed, anorexic, possible V+ and D+, discharge, and possible shock
pyometra
how do you treat pyometra
fluids, ABX, OVH asap
how is the ovary attached to the body wall
by a suspensory ligament that must be stretched or torn
what is unique about animals ovaries
the left ovary is more caudal
how is the uterus suspended from the body wall
broad ligament (must be stretched or torn)
is a pseudopregnancy common in dogs and cats
yes
what is a pseudocyesis
pseudopregnancy
how do you rule out a pseudocyesis
radiograph or ultrasound
is it recommended to spay during a pseudopregnancy
no, let it resolve on its own
when can the pregnancy be palpated
30-36 days (earlier in cats)
when can an ultrasound be used during pregnancy
28 days (earlier in cats)
when can bloodwork be used during pregnancy
28 days
when can a radiograph be used during pregnancy
45 days
when are physical changes of pregnancy seen
most obvious in last week
when does lactation start
a few days before delivery
what are the 3 stages of labor
preperation, delivery of young, delivery of placenta
how long can stage 1 of pregnancy last
up to 36 hours (6-12 avg)
how long does stage 2 of pregnancy last in dogs
24 hours (3-6 avg)
how long does stage 2 of pregnancy last in cats
4-36 hours
how often should a puppy be born
20-60 minutes (2 hours MAX)
how often should a kitten be born
20 min
what color discharge may be seen with delivery and how long can it persist
green/black; 12-24 hours
how soon after a puppy should the placenta be delivered
5-15 min
what is uterine inertia
tired uterus
what is given to stimulate breathing in young
dopram (1 drop under tongue)
what is a neonate soft spot
open fontanelle/fontanel (normally closes after birth)
how is a cleft palate noticed
not growing and nose bubbles
what is a omphalocele
protrusion of part of intestine through defect in abdominal wall at umbilicus
where is progesterone secreted
corpus luteum within ovary
where and when is prolactin secreted
anterior pituitary in last third of pregnancy
where and when is oxytocin secreted
posterior pituitary in last hours of pregnancy
define agalactia
no milk production
define glactostasis
painful enlargement of gland
how often should a baby nurse
every 2 hours
when is the transition to puppy/kitten food
4-6 weeks
dewclaw removal aka
onychectomy
when should the dewclaw be removed
2-5 days old
when should vac. and deworming start
6-8 weeks
ascending inflammation of the uterus
metritis
when is metritis seen
after parturition and with retained placenta/fetus
foul vulvar discharge, acting sick, and lack of maternal behavior indicates what
metritis
how is metritis treated
oxytocin
what is a serious illness associated with low Ca levels
eclampsia
when does eclampsia occur
2-4 weeks after whelping in small dogs
what does weakness, shaking, seizures, collapse, and death indicate
eclampsia
shat is SIPS
subinvolution of placental sites
how long is brown discharge seen in association with SIPS
12 weeks
mammary tumor malignancy rate in dogs
50%
mammary tumor malignancy rate in cats
80-90%
what tumors are uncommon in males and females
transmissible venereal
what does prolapsed vaginal tissue at start of estrus indicate
vaginal hyperplasia
what is a zoonotic bacterial infection
brucellosis
brucellosis treatment
long term dox
when is a male sexually active
10-12 months
what is the most common male reproductive disease
prostate disease
BPH
begnine prostate hyperplasia (cause of prostate disease
what is persistent frenulum
congenital problem- remnent fetal tissue
what is blanoposthitis
inflammation of mucosal lining in prepuce
what is paraphimosis
inability to retract penis
