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usmle step 3 > dermatology > Flashcards

dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

acanthosis nigricans - assoc w/what 2 diseases?

A
  • DM

- GI malignancy

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2
Q

porphyria cutanea tarda - assoc w/ which dz?

A

hep c

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3
Q

cutaneous leukoclastic vasculitis (palpable purpura) 2/2 cryoglobulinemia - assoc w/which dz?

A

hep c

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4
Q

dermatitis herpetiformis - assoc w/which dz?

A

celiac dz

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5
Q

sudden onset psoriasis, recurrent herpes, disseminated molluscum - assoc w/which dz?

A

HIV

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6
Q

severe seborrheic dermatitis - assoc w/which 2 dz?

A
  • HIV

- parkinson

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7
Q

explosive onset of multiple itchy, seborrheic keratoses - assoc w/which dz?

A

GI malignanct

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8
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum - assoc w/which dz?

A

IBD

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9
Q

tense bullae - which skin dz?

A

bullous pemphigoid

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10
Q

flaccid bullae - which dz?

A

pemphigus vulgaris

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11
Q

rash w/severe itching, assoc w/celiac dz?

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

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12
Q

bullous pemphigoid - tx?

A

topical high-potency steroids (if more severe, need oral)

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13
Q

hypopigmented spots w/fam hx of deafness - dx?

A

NF-2 (autosomal dominant)

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14
Q

hyperpigmented cafe au lait spots - dx?

A

NF-1

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15
Q

what is cause of deafness in NF-1 and NF-2

A

acoustic neuroma

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16
Q

hypopigmented maculae (Ask leaf spots), glial proliferation, several organ hamartomas - dx?

A

tuberous sclerosis

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17
Q

facial port-wine stain and leptomeningeal aniomatosis - dx?

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome

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18
Q

multiple telangiectasias and vascular lesions on CNS - dx?

A

Osler-Rendu-Weber syndrome

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19
Q

cherry red spot on macula on fundoscopic exam - dx?

A

central retinal artery occlusion

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20
Q

common causes of central retinal artery occlusion?

A
  • carotid atherosclerosis
  • cardiac embolism
  • small vessel disease (htn, DM)
  • vasculitis (GCA)
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21
Q

urgent tx of central retinal artery occlusion?

A

LOWER INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE

  • ocular massage
  • anterior chamber paracentesis
  • IV acetazolamide
  • IV mannitol
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22
Q

severe eye pain, vision loss, HA, nausea, vomiting, light halos, dx?

A

acute angle closure glaucoma

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23
Q

acute or subacute vision loss w/tortuous and dilated veins, diffuse hemorrhages, disk swelling, cotton wool spots on exam - dx?

A

central retinal vein occlusion

24
Q

peripheral then central vision loss, then shower of floaters - dx?

A

retinal detachment

25
Q

erythrasma - what is it? what causes it

A
  • superficial skin infection of intertriginous areas (thin, erythematous)
  • corynebacterium minutissumum
26
Q

tinea cruris - what causes it?

A

trichophyton rubrum

27
Q

intertrigo - what causes it?

28
Q

ecthyma ganrenosum - what causes it?

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

29
Q

mycosis fungoides - what is it?

A

cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that causes slowly progressive skin lesions (patches, plaques, tumors, erythroderma)

30
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum - what is it?

A

neutrophilic dermatosis assoc w.IBD or athritis

- start as inflammatory nodules/pustules/vesicles –> evolve into ulcers

31
Q

ecthyma gangrenosum - presentation?

A

redness, pustule, nonpainful, ruptures, ulcer, necosis of center

32
Q

erythrasma - what is it? what causes it?

A

infection of intertriginous spaces caused by corynebacterium minutissimum = pruritic, reddish brown, finely wrinkled papules

33
Q

treatment for cutaneous T cell lymphoma?

A

interferon alpha

34
Q

actinic keratoses - treatment?

A

fluorouracil

35
Q

pruritic, polygonal, violaceous, papules or plaques on flexural surfaces - dx?

A

lichen planus

36
Q

dermatomyositis - which antibodies associated?

A
  • anti-RNP
  • anti-Jo
  • anti-Mi2
37
Q

dermatomyositis - extramuscular findings?

A
  • interstitial lung dz
  • dysphagia
  • myocarditis
38
Q

explosive onset of multiple itchy seborrheic keratoses - dx?

A

GI malignancy

39
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum - assoc w/what systemic dz?

A

inflammtory bowel disease

40
Q

sudden onset severe psoriasis - dx?

41
Q

sudden onset severe seborrheic dermatitis - dx?

42
Q

lichen planus - associated w/which systemic dz?

43
Q

porphyria cutanea tarda - assoc w.what systemic dissease?

44
Q

leukocytoclastic vasculitis - assoc w/what systemic dz?

45
Q

chalazion - what is it?

A

granulomatous inflammation of meibomin gland –> pea sized nodule in eyelid

46
Q

rosacea - tx?

A
  • brimodine
  • if pustular –> topical metronidazole or azalaic acid
  • if refractory –> oral abx
47
Q

actinic keratoses –> can transofrm into what?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

48
Q

lichen simplex chronicus - what is it?

A

thickened excoriated plaques 2/2 persistent scratching and rubbing

49
Q

what use on sensitive areas w/eczema (face, eyelids)?

A

calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus)

50
Q

agents for field therapy for pts with lots of actinic keratoses?

A
  • 5-FU
  • topical diclofenac
  • imiquimod
51
Q

“cherry red spot” on fundus exam - dx?

A

central retinal artery occlusion

52
Q

fundus w/retinal hemorrhages + optic disc edema (blood + thunder) - dx?

A

central retinal vein occlusion

53
Q

fundus w/vitreous hemorrhage + elevation of retina - dx?

A

retinal detachment

54
Q

decreased red reflex + visible hemorrhage on fundoscopy - dx?

A

vitreous hemorrhage

55
Q

monocular vision loss, eye pain, headache, n/v, conjunctival erythema - dx?

A

acute angle-closure glaucoma

56
Q

monocular vision loss, eye pain that worsens with eye movement - dx?

A

optic neuritis

usmle step 3 (14 decks)

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