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Passmed wrong > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

facial hirsutism Tx

A

Topical eflornithine

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2
Q

how can Spider naevi be differentiated from telangiectasia

A

by pressing on them and watching them fill.
Spider naevi fill from the centre, telangiectasia from the edge

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3
Q

Psoriasis long term management

A

topical calcipotriol

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4
Q

Dermatitis in acral, peri-orificial and perianal distribution

A

zinc deficiency

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5
Q

Melanoma that invades aggressively and metastasise early

A

Nodular melanoma

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6
Q

refractory pain in shingles if simple analgesia and neuropathic analgesia do not help

A

corticosteroids

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7
Q

erythema multiforme causes

A

viral- HSV
idiopathic
bacteria- mycoplasma, strep
drugs
SLE
sarcoidosis
malignancy

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8
Q

drugs causing erythema multiforme

A

penicillin
sulphonamides
carbamazepine
allopurinol
NSAIDs
COCP

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9
Q

Severe burns (>25% TBSA) + airway compromise

A

intubate patient

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10
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum treatment

A

oral steroids
+ immunosuppressive therapy (ciclosporin, infliximab)

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11
Q

erythrasma Tx

A

topical miconazole or antibacterial
oral Erythromycin if extensive

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12
Q

Erythrasma presentation

A

generally asymptomatic, flat, slightly scaly, pink or brown rash usually found in the groin or axillae.
It is caused by an overgrowth of the diphtheroid Corynebacterium minutissimum

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13
Q

bacteria that contributes to the development of acne

A

Propionibacterium acnes

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14
Q

pyoderma ganrenosum

A

idiopathic (50%)
IBD
rheumatological- SLE, RA
haematological- myeloproliferative, lymphoma, myeloid leukaemia
GPA
PBC

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15
Q

Rosacea presentation

A

flushing
telangiectasia
persistent erythema awith papule and pustules

on nose, cheeks, forehead
sunlight exacerbates symptoms

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16
Q

rosacea treatment- erythema/flushing

A

topical brimonidine gel

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17
Q

rosacea treatment- papules/pustules

A

topical ivermectin (+/- oral doxycycline if severe)

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18
Q

rosacea treatment- telangiectasia

A

laser therapy

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19
Q

seborrhoeic dermatitis complications

A

otitis externa
blepharitis

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20
Q

Alopecia Ix

A

screen for other AI conditions- TFT, DM, Pernicious anaemia

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21
Q

keloid scar Tx

A

intra-lesional steroids- triamcinolone
excision

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21
Q

Keloid scars are most common on

A

the sternum

22
Q

Urticaria Tx

A

non-sedating anti-histamines- certrizine, loratadine
sedating antihistamines at night- chlorphenamine
oral prednisolone- severe/resistant

23
Q

nodules over both shins are non-pitting, firm, and have a shiny pink to purple-brown colour with a peau d’orange texture

A

pretibial myxoedema

24
Q

Seborrhoeic dermatitis associated with

A

HIV
Parkinson’s disease

25
Q

drugs known to cause TEN

A

phenytoin
sulphonamides
allopurinol
penicillins
carbamazepine
NSAIDs

26
Q

Strawberry naevi

A

capillary hemangioma
not present at birth
progress rapidly in first month, increase in size until 6-9 months, before regressing
if Tx required–> propanolol

27
Q

A non-healing painless ulcer associated with a chronic scar is indicative of

A

squamous cell carcinoma

28
Q

Curling’s ulcer

A

acute gastric ulcers that develop in response to severe physiological stress e.g. burns

29
Q

pyogenic granuloma

A

occur at sites of trauma
ulcerated and bleeding on contact common

30
Q

erythema nodosum causes

A

infection - TB, strep, brucellosis
systemic disease- sarcoidosis, iBD, behcets
malignancy/lymphoma
drugs- penicillins, sulphonamides, COCP
pregnancy

31
Q

guttate psoriasis Tx

A

resolve spontaneously within 2-3 months
topical agents as per psoriasis if symptomatic

32
Q

pemphigus vulgaris antibodies target

A

the desmosomes that connect the cells;
antibodies target desmoglein 3 (a cadherin-type epithelial cell adhesion molecule)

33
Q

bullous pemphigoid antibodies target

A

basement membrane

34
Q

net-like pattern of reddish-blue skin discolouration that is non-blanching

A

livedo reticularis

34
Q

livedo reticularis causes

A

idiopathic
polyarteritis nodosa
SLE
antiphospholipid syndrome
Ehlers-Danlos
cryoglobulinaemia
homocystinuria

35
Q

acne rosacea can also affect

A

eyes causing- blepharitis, keratitis, conjunctivitis

36
Q

oral leukoplakia

A

white, hard spots on mucous membranes of mouth
more common in smokers
cannot be rubbed off

biopsy to exclude SCC (1% risk of malignant transformation)

37
Q

purple, polygonal, pruritic papules

A

lichen planus

38
Q

lichen planus treatment

A

potent topical steroids

39
Q

factors that exacerbate plaque psoriasis

A

trauma
alcohol
withdrawal of systemic steroids
drugs: beta blockers, lithium, anti-malarial, NSAIDs, ACEi, infliximab

40
Q
A

erythema ab igne

41
Q

Koebner phenomenon

A

tendency for new skin lesions to form at sites of cutaneous injury.

psoriasis and vitiligo

42
Q

nodular melanoma

A

Red or black lump, oozes or bleeds, sun-exposed skin

43
Q

Perioral dermatitis treatment

A

topical or oral antibiotics- doxycycline
worsened by topical steroids

44
Q

Superficial dermal burns covering >3% TBSA in adults

A

must be referred to secondary care

45
Q

Children with new-onset purpura

A

should be referred immediately for investigations to exclude ALL and meningococcal disease

46
Q

Solitary firm papule/nodule that dimples on pinching →

A

dermatofibroma

47
Q

stevens johnson syndrome causes

A

penicillin
sulphonamides
lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenytoin
allopurinol
NSAIDs
oral contraceptive pill

48
Q

polymorphic eruption in pregnancy

A

periumbilical sparing

49
Q
A

rhinophyma–> complication of acne rosacea

50
Q

bullous pemphigoid vs pemphigus vulgaris- mucosal involvement

A

mucosal involvement = pemphigus vulgaris

51
Q

treatment of scalp psoriasis

A

Topical betamethasone valerate (potent steroid)

52
Q

Erysipelas

A

is a bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
It is differentiated from cellulitis due to its raised and well defined border.

Passmed wrong (21 decks)

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