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Passmed wrong > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

facial hirsutism Tx

A

Topical eflornithine

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2
Q

how can Spider naevi be differentiated from telangiectasia

A

by pressing on them and watching them fill.
Spider naevi fill from the centre, telangiectasia from the edge

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3
Q

Psoriasis long term management

A

topical calcipotriol

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4
Q

Dermatitis in acral, peri-orificial and perianal distribution

A

zinc deficiency

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5
Q

Melanoma that invades aggressively and metastasise early

A

Nodular melanoma

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6
Q

refractory pain in shingles if simple analgesia and neuropathic analgesia do not help

A

corticosteroids

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7
Q

erythema multiforme causes

A

viral- HSV
idiopathic
bacteria- mycoplasma, strep
drugs
SLE
sarcoidosis
malignancy

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8
Q

drugs causing erythema multiforme

A

penicillin
sulphonamides
carbamazepine
allopurinol
NSAIDs
COCP

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9
Q

Severe burns (>25% TBSA) + airway compromise

A

intubate patient

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10
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum treatment

A

oral steroids
+ immunosuppressive therapy (ciclosporin, infliximab)

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11
Q

erythrasma Tx

A

topical miconazole or antibacterial
oral Erythromycin if extensive

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12
Q

Erythrasma presentation

A

generally asymptomatic, flat, slightly scaly, pink or brown rash usually found in the groin or axillae.
It is caused by an overgrowth of the diphtheroid Corynebacterium minutissimum

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13
Q

bacteria that contributes to the development of acne

A

Propionibacterium acnes

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14
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum causes

A

idiopathic (50%)
IBD
rheumatological- SLE, RA
haematological- myeloproliferative, lymphoma, myeloid leukaemia
GPA
PBC

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15
Q

Rosacea presentation

A

flushing
telangiectasia
persistent erythema awith papule and pustules

on nose, cheeks, forehead
sunlight exacerbates symptoms

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16
Q

rosacea treatment- erythema/flushing

A

topical brimonidine gel

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17
Q

rosacea treatment- papules/pustules

A

topical ivermectin (+/- oral doxycycline if severe)

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18
Q

rosacea treatment- telangiectasia

A

laser therapy

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19
Q

seborrhoeic dermatitis complications

A

otitis externa
blepharitis

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20
Q

Alopecia Ix

A

screen for other AI conditions- TFT, DM, Pernicious anaemia

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21
Q

keloid scar Tx

A

intra-lesional steroids- triamcinolone
excision

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21
Q

Keloid scars are most common on

A

the sternum

22
Q

Urticaria Tx

A

non-sedating anti-histamines- certrizine, loratadine
sedating antihistamines at night- chlorphenamine
oral prednisolone- severe/resistant

23
Q

nodules over both shins are non-pitting, firm, and have a shiny pink to purple-brown colour with a peau d’orange texture

A

pretibial myxoedema

24
Seborrhoeic dermatitis associated with
HIV Parkinson's disease
25
drugs known to cause TEN
phenytoin sulphonamides allopurinol penicillins carbamazepine NSAIDs
26
Strawberry naevi
capillary hemangioma not present at birth progress rapidly in first month, increase in size until 6-9 months, before regressing if Tx required--> propanolol
27
A non-healing painless ulcer associated with a chronic scar is indicative of
squamous cell carcinoma
28
Curling's ulcer
acute gastric ulcers that develop in response to severe physiological stress e.g. burns
29
pyogenic granuloma
occur at sites of trauma ulcerated and bleeding on contact common
30
erythema nodosum causes
infection - TB, strep, brucellosis systemic disease- sarcoidosis, iBD, behcets malignancy/lymphoma drugs- penicillins, sulphonamides, COCP pregnancy
31
guttate psoriasis Tx
resolve spontaneously within 2-3 months topical agents as per psoriasis if symptomatic
32
pemphigus vulgaris antibodies target
the desmosomes that connect the cells; antibodies target desmoglein 3 (a cadherin-type epithelial cell adhesion molecule)
33
bullous pemphigoid antibodies target
basement membrane
34
net-like pattern of reddish-blue skin discolouration that is non-blanching
livedo reticularis
34
livedo reticularis causes
idiopathic polyarteritis nodosa SLE antiphospholipid syndrome Ehlers-Danlos cryoglobulinaemia homocystinuria
35
acne rosacea can also affect
eyes causing- blepharitis, keratitis, conjunctivitis
36
oral leukoplakia
white, hard spots on mucous membranes of mouth more common in smokers cannot be rubbed off biopsy to exclude SCC (1% risk of malignant transformation)
37
purple, polygonal, pruritic papules
lichen planus
38
lichen planus treatment
potent topical steroids
39
factors that exacerbate plaque psoriasis
trauma alcohol withdrawal of systemic steroids drugs: beta blockers, lithium, anti-malarial, NSAIDs, ACEi, infliximab
40
erythema ab igne
41
Koebner phenomenon
tendency for new skin lesions to form at sites of cutaneous injury. psoriasis and vitiligo
42
nodular melanoma
Red or black lump, oozes or bleeds, sun-exposed skin
43
Perioral dermatitis treatment
topical or oral antibiotics- doxycycline worsened by topical steroids
44
Superficial dermal burns covering >3% TBSA in adults
must be referred to secondary care
45
Children with new-onset purpura
should be referred immediately for investigations to exclude ALL and meningococcal disease
46
Solitary firm papule/nodule that dimples on pinching →
dermatofibroma
47
stevens johnson syndrome causes
penicillin sulphonamides lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenytoin allopurinol NSAIDs oral contraceptive pill
48
polymorphic eruption in pregnancy
periumbilical sparing
49
rhinophyma--> complication of acne rosacea
50
bullous pemphigoid vs pemphigus vulgaris- mucosal involvement
mucosal involvement = pemphigus vulgaris
51
treatment of scalp psoriasis
Topical betamethasone valerate (potent steroid)
52
Erysipelas
is a bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. It is differentiated from cellulitis due to its raised and well defined border.

Passmed wrong (21 decks)

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