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MRCP - Passmed > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of Erythema multiforme?

A

HSV

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2
Q

Causes of HSV

A

viruses: herpes simplex virus (the most common cause), Orf*
idiopathic
bacteria: Mycoplasma, Streptococcus
drugs: penicillin, sulphonamides, carbamazepine, allopurinol, NSAIDs, oral contraceptive pill, nevirapine
connective tissue disease e.g. Systemic lupus erythematosus
sarcoidosis
malignancy

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3
Q

Dermatitis in acral, peri-orificial and perianal distribution

hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

Diagnosis?

A

Zinc deficiency

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4
Q

A non-healing painless ulcer associated with a chronic scar is indicative of ……

A

SCC

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5
Q

Multiple papules and large pustules on and around his nose, and the nose itself is enlarged and erythematous with multiple telangiectasia

Diagnosis? mx?

A

Rosacea

Mild-moderate: Topical ivermectin (or topical metronidazole / topical azelaic acid)

Mod-severe: Topical ivermectin + oral doxycyline

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6
Q

What are some common complications of seborrhoeic dermatitis?

A

Otitis externa and blepharitis

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7
Q

1st line mx of hyperhidrosis?

A

Topical aluminium chloride

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8
Q

What is dermatitis herpetiformis caused by? who is more likley for this?

A

deposition of IgA in the dermis

90% of cases show some gluten insensitivity

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8
Q

Who is most likely to get keloid scars?

A

More common in young, black, male adults

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9
Q

What is the pathophysiology of acanthosis nigricans?

A

insulin resistance → hyperinsulinemia → stimulation of keratinocytes and dermal fibroblast proliferation via interaction with insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGFR1)

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10
Q

Most common malignancies associated with acanthosis nigricans?

A

GI ca - most commonly gastric adenocarcinoma

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11
Q
A
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11
Q

Mx of flexural, face or genital psoriasis?

A

Topical steroids

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12
Q

itchy, papular rash most common on the palms, soles, genitalia and flexor surfaces of arms
rash often polygonal in shape, with a ‘white-lines’ pattern on the surface (Wickham’s striae)

Diagnosis?

Mx?

A

Dx - Lichen planus

Mx - topical steroids
(if in mouth benzydamine mouthwash / spray)

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13
Q

Which ca is most common malignancy secondary to immunosupression?

A

Skin cancer - particularly SCC

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14
Q

Blisters / bullae:

No mucosal involvement - dx?
Mucosal involvement - dx?

A

no mucosal involvement (in exams at least*): bullous pemphigoid

mucosal involvement: pemphigus vulgaris

15
Q

Mx of pityriasis versicolor?

A

Topical ketoconazole

16
Q

Mx of facial hirsuitism? when not to?

A

Topical eflornithin

CI in pregnancy / breast feeding

17
Q

small blisters on the palms and soles

pruritic
often intensely itchy
sometimes burning sensation

once blisters burst skin may become dry and crack

Worse in humidity and high temps

Dx?

A

Dx - pompholyx eczema

18
Q

Extensive umbilicated lesions in HIV

dx?

A

Molluscum contagiosum

19
Q

Prognosis in malignant melanoma?

A

Invasion depth of tumour (Breslow depth is single most important factor)

> 4mm 50% 5 yr survival
<0.75 95-100% 5 yr survival

20
Q

A history of a non-healing ulcer at the site of a burn injury

diagnosis?

A

SCC

21
Q

What are the features of systemic mastocytosis?

A

Systemic mastocytosis results from a neoplastic proliferation of mast cells

Features
urticaria pigmentosa - produces a wheal on rubbing (Darier’s sign)
flushing
abdominal pain
monocytosis on the blood film

22
Q

How is systemic mastocytosis diagnosed?

A

Diagnosis
raised serum tryptase levels
urinary histamine

23
Q

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu) syndrome inheritance?

A

Autosomally dominant

24
Q

What is the cause of porphyria cutanea tarda?

A

inherited defect in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

25
Q

Triad of niacin deficiency?

A

Dementia + Depression
Diarrhoea
Dermatitis

26
Q

What can percipitate lithium toxicity?

A

dehydration

renal failure

drugs: diuretics (especially thiazides), ACE inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, NSAIDs and metronidazole.

27
Q

Mx of oculogyric crisis?

A

intravenous antimuscarinic: benztropine or procyclidine

can also use diphenhydramine

28
Q

What are patients recieving CHOP for non-Hodgkins lymphoma at increased risk of? how can this risk be reduced?

A

Tumour lysis syndrome and associated gout secondary to hyperuricaemia

Reduce this risk by co-prescribing allopurinol

29
Q

Which people are more likely to develop isoniazid toxicity?

A

Slow acetylators

30
Q

Which drugs are affected by acetylator status?

A

H DIPS

hydralazine

dapsone
isoniazid
procainamide
sulfasalazine

31
Q
A

MRCP - Passmed (15 decks)

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