Dermatology Flashcards
What is the patho behind acne?
Follicular sacs filled with keratinous material and bacteria. Bacteria causes are usually from propionibacterium, breaks sebum down into fatty acids causing pores to be inflamed
What’s the difference between open and closed comadones?
An open comedone is where the follicle is open, allowing the dead skin, bacteria, etc to oxidize (Blackhead). Closed comedone is when the follicle is closed, giving a white head appearance
What are some treatment and management options for acne?
Topical antibiotics, retinoids, proper face washing hygeine
Education for acne
Normal through puberty. Wash face twice a day with a mild cleanser. Do not use scented facewash or lotions. Have good hair care. When washing face, do not scrub. Diet does not influence acne. Do not scratch, pick, or pop lesions.
What is eczema? What is the patho of eczema?
Immunoglobulin E sensitivity. An exaggerated response from the immune system to external factors. Type I hypersensitivity reaction
What is the hallmark symptom of eczema
Hallmark symptom is severely dry skin. Can also appear as erythematous patches, with or without papules, and extreme pruritus. Lichenification of the skin can develop from prolonged scratching
What might be different presentations of eczema by age?
Infantile form: in the face and creases (begins around 2-6 months). Childhood eczema is typically symmetric involvement that starts around 2-3 years. Preadolescent/Adolescent: starts around 12 and is more plaques
What are treatment options for eczema?
No treatment. Can tx symptoms through topical moisturizers, topical corticosteroids (do not use on face bc it is easily absorbed), antihistamines, tacrolimus (immunosupressant)
Teaching for eczema?
Wear soft breathable clothing (avoid wool and polyester), hypoallergenic diet (no eggs, dairy, nuts, shellfish, gluten), avoid latex, avoid too hot showers/baths, avoid stress
What is the term for lice infection?
Pediculosis
What are CM of pediculosis?
Infestation with head lice results in a hypersensitivity reaction to the louse of saliva. Most children present with intense pruritus of the scalp once the nits hatch and adult lice are present.
Teaching for pediculosis
Educate people who were in close contact. Nurses should also educate parents that anyone can get lice and there is nothing wrong with their child. In addition to medication and nit removal, parents should wash the sheet and pillows in hot water. They should also place stuffed animals in garbage bags and seal them tightly for at least 72 hours to kill any live bugs. Remind children not to share their combs or hats.
What is the lifespan for lice?
Lice live for 3 to 4 weeks and cannot survive off a human head for more than 2 days.
