dermatology

Question 1

topical therapy

Answer 1

drug directly contacts target tissue creating less systemic effects

Question 2

effectiveness of topical drug penetration depends on

Answer 2

• nature of the skin

- nature of topical drug preparation

Question 3

nature of the skin is determined by

Answer 3

stratum corner permeability
anatomic site (permeability varies between different parts of the skin)
skin metabolism - inflammation

Question 4

types of topical preparation

Answer 4

monophonic
biphasic
triphasic

Question 5

monophasic

Answer 5

powder, liquid, greasy base

contains active ingredient

Question 6

liquid monophonic

Answer 6

wet dressings, baths, tinctures, lotions, gels

Question 7

tinctures

Answer 7

evaporate quickly leaving behind a film of the active ingredient

Question 8

biphasic vehicles

Answer 8

shake lotions, creams, ointments, pastes

something in a monophonic base

Question 9

triphasic vehicles

Answer 9

cooling pastes (oil, water, powder) 
cream pastes

Question 10

emollients

Answer 10

petrolatum, acetyl alcohol, etc

Question 11

FTU

Answer 11

fingertip unit

Question 12

eczema

Answer 12

inflammatory response of the skin

dermatitis

Question 13

atopic eczema

Answer 13

chronic, relapsing condition characterised by

- intense pruritus, dry skin, inflammation

Question 14

most common chronic skin condition affecting young children

Answer 14

atopic eczema

Question 15

standard care of AD

Answer 15

moisturiser

Question 16

topical corticosteroids

Answer 16

very effective

adverse effects

Question 17

corticosteroids classified as

Answer 17

mild, moderate, potent and very potent

Question 18

acute weeping skin shouldd use

Answer 18

cream base

Question 19

dry or lichenified skin use

Answer 19

ointment

Question 20

hairy areas should use

Answer 20

lotion

Question 21

adverse effects of corticosteroids

Answer 21

skin atrophy, perioral dermatitis

glaucoma or cataracts when used near eyes

Question 22

why people don’t like tars

Answer 22

smelly

stains clothes

Question 23

immunomodulators

Answer 23

topical immunosuppressors

use where topical steroids fail or are contraindicated

Question 24

psoriasis

Answer 24

inflammatory proliferative disease
T cell mediated inflammatory disease
genetic

Question 25

associated systemic problems with psoriasis

Answer 25

psoriatic arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease

Question 26

majority of psoriasis cases are

Answer 26

chronic plaque psoriasis

Question 27

phototherapy

Answer 27

UV radiation to suppress T cells in the skin

Question 28

reasons to use systemic therapies

Answer 28

psoriatic arthritis, impacting quality of life, poor response to topical therapy, inflammatory forms of psoriases, severe widespread disease

Question 29

systemic therapy for psoriases

Answer 29

- retinoids - acitretin
methotrexate 
cyclosporin 
biologicals 
apremalist

Question 30

acitretin

Answer 30

retinoid
do not use in women child bearing age
side effects
affects mechanisms of proliferation

Question 31

methotrexate

Answer 31

slows epidermal cell proliferation
do not use if pregnant or breastfeeding, alcoholic, underlying infection or malignancy
adverse effects - GI, bone and hepatic toxicity

Question 32

cyclosporin

Answer 32

inhibits production and liberation of cytokines
causes hypertension, GI problems and
nephotoxocity with prolonged use

Question 33

biologics

Answer 33

humanised monoclonal antibodies
can exacerbate latent infections eg. TB, HIV, Hep B or C etc.
patient must not be on any other systemic treatment and have no liver or demyalinating disease
patient must not be pregnant and breastfeeding not recommended
must not have live vaccine while on biologic

Question 34

cause of acne

Answer 34

androgen production

Question 35

roaccutrne

Answer 35

vit A derivative
teratogen
inhibits sebaceous gland activity