antihypertensives

Question 1

renin

Answer 1

a hormone enzyme

turns angiotensin precursor into angiotensin 1

Question 2

ACE inhibitors

Answer 2

all end in pril
eg. ramipril
perindopril

Question 3

ARB’s

Answer 3

all have sartan in their name

candesartan

Question 4

prazosin

Answer 4

alpha one adrenoceptor blocker

arteriolar vasodilation

Question 5

calcium channel blocking drugs

Answer 5

class IV anTiarryhtemetic drugs 
weakens the cell

Question 6

sarcoplasmic reticumul

Answer 6

holds all the calcium

Question 7

verapril

Answer 7

exclusively works on the heart

Question 8

diliazem

Answer 8

works on cardiac and vascular smooth muscle

Question 9

dihydropyridines

Answer 9

works only on vascular smooth muscle

Question 10

order of a nephron

Answer 10

proximal convoluted tubule 
descending limb 
loop of hence 
ascending limb 
distal convoluted tubule 
collecting duct

Question 11

diuretics

Answer 11

drugs that enhance excretion of salt and water content in hypertension. hear failure and other conditions of abnormal salt and water retention

Question 12

aldosterone

Answer 12

decides how much sodium do reabsorb

Question 13

H2o reabsorption

Answer 13

passive and requires the osmotic gradient established by Na+ pumping
a drug that prevents Na+ recovery

Question 14

weak acid excretory pathway

Answer 14

weakly acidic compound into the tubule

transport thiazide into the pathway

Question 15

K+ sparing diuretics

Answer 15

aldosterone antagonist
binds aldosterone receptor
prevents sodium reabsorption and therefore blocks loss of potassium

Question 16

diuretic potency

Answer 16

drugs acting early in the tubule prevent more na+ reabsorption than those that act later

Question 17

more potent drug

Answer 17

fusemide

for pulmonary oedema

Question 18

medium potency drug

Answer 18

thiazides for hypertension

Question 19

weak drug

Answer 19

aldosterone for heart and liver failure

Question 20

use of antihypertensive

Answer 20

decrease hypertension related cardiovascular disease

Question 21

synergistic antihypertensive effects

Answer 21

thiazide diuretic or ACE-1 or AT1 blocker
both thiazide diuretic and ACE1 or AT1 blocker
add a Ca channel blocker
add a1 adrenoceptor blocker or beta blocker