Dermatitis Flashcards
What is hyperkeratosis?
Increased thickness of the keratin layer
What is parakeratosis?
The nuclei are not lost from the keratin layer
What is acanthosis?
An increased thickness of the epidermis
What is papillomatosis?
Irregular epithelial thickening
What is spongiosis?
Oedema between keratinocytes
Give some characteristics of acute phase dermatitis
Papulovesicular
Red lesions
Odema
Scaling and crusting
Give some characteristics of chronic phase dermatitis
Lichenification
Elevated plaques
Increased scaling
What are the seven classifications of dermatitis?
Contact allergic Contact irritant Atopic Drug-related Photosensitive Lichen simplex Stasis dermatitis
Give the immunopathology of contact allergic dermatitis
Langerhans cell in epidermis process antigen
Processed antigen presented to Th cells in dermis
Th cell migrate into lymphatics and then to regional nodes
What are the characteristics of atopic eczema?
Pruritus
Erythema and scaling
Dry skin
Flexural distribution
What are some chronic changes involved in atopic eczema?
Lichenification
Excoration (erosion formed by scratching)
Secondary infection
Crusting indicates what bacterial infection?
Staph aureus
Monomorphic punched out lesions suggests what disease?
Eczema herpeticum
What is the UK diagnostic criteria for atopic eczema?
Itching + >3 of: Visible flexural rash History of flexural rash Personal history of atopy Generally dry skin Onset before 2
How is eczema treated?
Emollients Avoiding irritants Topical steroids Treat infection Phototherapy Systemic immunosuppressants
