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Dermatology > Bacterial, Fungal and Parasitic Infections > Flashcards

Bacterial, Fungal and Parasitic Infections Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Staph aureus is found in chains/clusters and is coagulase positive/negative

A

Clusters

Positive

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2
Q

What antibiotic should always be used to treat staph aureus?

A

Flucloxacillin

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3
Q

Which toxin produced by certain strains of staph aureus is important in skin infections?

A

Panton Valentin Leucocidin (PVL)

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4
Q

Is staph epidermidis a common disease causing organism?

A

No - it is a skin commensal

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5
Q

How are streptococcus species classified?

A

By haemolysis on blood agar

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6
Q

How are beta-haemolytic streptococci further classifed?

A

By antigenic structure on the surface (Group A or Group B)

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7
Q

Give some examples of organisms that are non-pathogenic skin commensals

A

Staph epidermidis
Corynebacterium sp.
Propionibacterium sp.

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8
Q

What are some bacterial skin infections caused by staph aureus?

A

Minor skin sepsis
Cellulitis
Infected eczema
Impetigo

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9
Q

What are some bacterial skin infections caused by strep pyogenes?

A

Infected eczema
Impetigo
Cellulitis
Necrotising fasciitis

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10
Q

How is a bacterial skin infection diagnosed?

A

Taking a swab of lesion or taking pus or tissue

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11
Q

How is necrotising fasciitis treated?

A

By surgery

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12
Q

Give the Latin and common name for a dermatophyte infection

A

Tinea

Ringworm

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13
Q

Give the Latin for ringworm on the scalp, body, hand, groin and foot

A 
Tinea capitis - head
Tinea corporis - body
Tinea manuum - hand
Tinea cruris - groin
Tinea pedis - foot
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14
Q

How do dermatophytes enter the body?

A

The fungus enters through abraded or soggy skin before infecting keratinised tissues

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15
Q

Males are more commonly affected by ringworm than females. True/false?

A

True

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16
Q

What is the main source of tinea?

A

Other infected humans

17
Q

Give the two most commonly causing organisms of tinea

A

Trichophyton rubrum

Trichophyton mentagraphytes

18
Q

How can tinea be diagnosed?

A

Clinical appearance
Skin scrapings
Nail clippings

19
Q

If there is a small area of skin infected with tinea, how is it treated?

A

Clotrimazole cream

20
Q

How is an extensive infection of tinea treated?

A

Oral terbinafine

21
Q

How does scabies present?

A

Intensely itchy rash affecting finger webs, wrists or genital areas

22
Q

How is scabies treated?

A 
Malathion lotion
Benzyl benzoate (not in children)
23
Q

Give examples of patients in dermatology who need single room isolation

A

Patients with group A strep
Patients with MRSA
Patients with scabies

Dermatology (21 decks)

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