Derm #3

Question 1

What changes do you see here?

Answer 1

Chronic dermatitis with alopecia

Question 2

What changes do you see here? Acute or chronic?

Answer 2

Acute moist dermatitis (hot spot) - usually due to a flea bite hypersensitivity

Question 3

Where are superficial pyodermas located?

Answer 3

epidermis and stratum corneum

Question 4

Where are deep pyodermas located?

Answer 4

Get down in the hair follicles

Question 5

What are 2 bacteria that play a role in bacterial granulomatous dermatitis and how do they invade?

Answer 5

Nocardia, Actinomyces;

Often come in through bites and foreign bodies

Question 6

What changes are seen here?

Answer 6

Folliculitis with staph (black arrows) and deep pyoderma; this is a hair follicle that is inflamed and contains numerous staphylococci

Question 7

What is rain rot caused by?

Answer 7

Dermatophilus congolensis

Question 8

What changes are seen here and what is the common name for this?

Answer 8

Laminated crusts and hyperkeratosis; AKA rain rot

Question 9

What is another name for foot rot?

Answer 9

Papillomatous digital dermatitis

Question 10

What is papillomatous digital dermatitis?

Answer 10

Painful disease of feet in cattle that involves multiple bacteria; occurs at interdigital space of plantar surface of hind feet when they are in a wet, dirty environment for a prolonged period.

Question 11

What bacteria are involved in foot rot?

Answer 11

Treponemes

Question 12

What dermal change does a fot with foot rot undergo?

Answer 12

Severe epidermal hyperplasia - chronic stage wart-like growths

Question 13

What change is seen here and what species is this common in?

Answer 13

foot rot, cattle

Question 14

What happens at A?

Answer 14

Ballooning degeneration

Question 15

What happens at B?

Answer 15

Reticular degeneration and inclusion bodies

Question 16

What happens at C?

Answer 16

Macule

Question 17

What happens at D?

Answer 17

Papule

Question 18

What happens at E?

Answer 18

Vesicle

Question 19

What happens at F?

Answer 19

Pustule

Question 20

What happens at G?

Answer 20

Hyperplasia and old pustule

Question 21

What happens at H?

Answer 21

Hyperplasia and crust

Question 22

What are some common viruses that cause dermatitis?

Answer 22

Pox, canine distemper, herpesvirus, papillomavirus

Question 23

What changes are happening here? Describe the change for the chicken

Answer 23

Pox viruses; Proliferative (papular) and ulcertaive dermatitis

Question 24

What is happening here and what caused it?

Answer 24

Hyperkeratosis of the foot pads caused by distemper virus - AKA hard pad disease

Question 25

What is happening here?

Answer 25

Bovine papillomavirus - multiple verrucas over head and neck

Question 26

What are 3 types of fungal infections that an animal can have?

Answer 26

Cutaneous, subcutaneous, and systemic

Question 27

What are causes of cutaneous fungal dermatitis?

Answer 27

Dermatophytes, Candida, Malassezia

Question 28

What are dermatophytes?

Answer 28

ringworm

Question 29

What are Candida?

Answer 29

Thrush - more common in people

Question 30

What is a cause of subcutaneous fungal dermatitis?

Answer 30

Pythiosis

Question 31

What is a cause of systemic fungal infection?

Answer 31

Blastomycosis, Cryptococcosis

Question 32

What is happening in this calf and why is it important?

Answer 32

Pigmented macule with scale - if you see this DO NOT touch the calf

Question 33

What are the arrows pointing to?

Answer 33

Hyphae of dermatophytic fungi on a hair follicle

Question 34

What are common parasitic causes of dermatitis?

Answer 34

Arthropods, helminths, filaria

Question 35

What are examples of arthropods?

Answer 35

fleas and mites (demodex, sarcoptes)

Question 36

What are examples of helminths?

Answer 36

Habronema, hookworms

Question 37

What are examples of filaria?

Answer 37

Stephanofilaria

Question 38

What is happening here?

Answer 38

Generalized demodicosis due to Demodex canis; papular/nodular lesions are multiple pyogranulomas centered on hair follicles which contain mites

Question 39

What happens if demodex mites are too high in number?

Answer 39

Will elicit inflammation of the hair follicles

Question 40

What is seen at the ends of the black arrows?

Answer 40

Demodex canis

Question 41

What pathogens often cause a folliculitis/furunculosis pattern?

Answer 41

Dermatophytes, deep bacterial infection, demodex

Question 42

What are the common types of allergic skin disease?

Answer 42

Atopy, uticaria/angioedema, food allergies, flea allergies

Question 43

What type of hypersensitivity is involved in atopy?

Answer 43

Predominantly type I, contribution by type IV

Question 44

What is pruritus?

Answer 44

Uncomfortable, irritating sensation that creates an urge to scratch; Major contributor to inflammation caused by atopy

Question 45

What is pruritus caused by?

Answer 45

atopy

Question 46

What signs are associated with atopic dermatitis?

Answer 46

Acanthosis, perivascular inflammation in the dermis

Question 47

How can you treat atopic dermatitis?

Answer 47

Get rid of irritant, food trial, medicines, corticosteroids

Question 48

What does this cat have and why?

Answer 48

Crusts on skin around eyes, muzzle, and ears due to Pemphigus foliaceus

Question 49

What are the arrows pointing to and what cell type can be found within this?

Answer 49

Subcorneal pustule caused by pemphigus foliaceus; this will have acantholytic keratinocytes

Question 50

What autoimmune diseases have an interface pattern?

Answer 50

Systemic lupus and discoid lupus

Question 51

What are signs of systemic lupus erythematosus?

Answer 51

Skin, kidney, joints, fever, anemia

Question 52

What are signs of discoid lupus erythematosus?

Answer 52

Mild form, depigmentation, scale, crusts, localized to skin of face, common at nasal planum, often worse bc of solar-induced inflammation, COMMON

Question 53

What is this a representation of?

Answer 53

Discoid lupus erythematosus

Question 54

What is this and what is represented by the blue arrows?

Answer 54

Discoid lupus; arrows point to the epidermal-dermal interface where the inflammatory cells are centered (interface dermatitis)

Question 55

What statements are true concerning allergic skin disease? A. Is an autoimmune disorder B. Often a mix of hypersensitivity responses C. Involves an early immune response and a late immune response D. Is caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus

Answer 55

B and C

Question 56

What inflammatory patterns are common in allergic disease such as atopy?

Answer 56

hyperplasia, perivascular

Question 57

T/F: Discoid lupus erythematosus has an interface pattern

Answer 57

True