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Path > Derm #3 > Flashcards

Derm #3 Flashcards

1
Q

What changes do you see here?

A

Chronic dermatitis with alopecia

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2
Q

What changes do you see here? Acute or chronic?

A

Acute moist dermatitis (hot spot) - usually due to a flea bite hypersensitivity

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3
Q

Where are superficial pyodermas located?

A

epidermis and stratum corneum

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4
Q

Where are deep pyodermas located?

A

Get down in the hair follicles

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5
Q

What are 2 bacteria that play a role in bacterial granulomatous dermatitis and how do they invade?

A

Nocardia, Actinomyces;

Often come in through bites and foreign bodies

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6
Q

What changes are seen here?

A

Folliculitis with staph (black arrows) and deep pyoderma; this is a hair follicle that is inflamed and contains numerous staphylococci

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7
Q

What is rain rot caused by?

A

Dermatophilus congolensis

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8
Q

What changes are seen here and what is the common name for this?

A

Laminated crusts and hyperkeratosis; AKA rain rot

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9
Q

What is another name for foot rot?

A

Papillomatous digital dermatitis

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10
Q

What is papillomatous digital dermatitis?

A

Painful disease of feet in cattle that involves multiple bacteria; occurs at interdigital space of plantar surface of hind feet when they are in a wet, dirty environment for a prolonged period.

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11
Q

What bacteria are involved in foot rot?

A

Treponemes

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12
Q

What dermal change does a fot with foot rot undergo?

A

Severe epidermal hyperplasia - chronic stage wart-like growths

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13
Q

What change is seen here and what species is this common in?

A

foot rot, cattle

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14
Q

What happens at A?

A

Ballooning degeneration

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15
Q

What happens at B?

A

Reticular degeneration and inclusion bodies

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16
Q

What happens at C?

A

Macule

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17
Q

What happens at D?

A

Papule

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18
Q

What happens at E?

A

Vesicle

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19
Q

What happens at F?

A

Pustule

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20
Q

What happens at G?

A

Hyperplasia and old pustule

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21
Q

What happens at H?

A

Hyperplasia and crust

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22
Q

What are some common viruses that cause dermatitis?

A

Pox, canine distemper, herpesvirus, papillomavirus

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23
Q

What changes are happening here? Describe the change for the chicken

A

Pox viruses; Proliferative (papular) and ulcertaive dermatitis

24
Q

What is happening here and what caused it?

A

Hyperkeratosis of the foot pads caused by distemper virus - AKA hard pad disease

25
Q

What is happening here?

A

Bovine papillomavirus - multiple verrucas over head and neck

26
Q

What are 3 types of fungal infections that an animal can have?

A

Cutaneous, subcutaneous, and systemic

27
Q

What are causes of cutaneous fungal dermatitis?

A

Dermatophytes, Candida, Malassezia

28
Q

What are dermatophytes?

A

ringworm

29
Q

What are Candida?

A

Thrush - more common in people

30
Q

What is a cause of subcutaneous fungal dermatitis?

A

Pythiosis

31
Q

What is a cause of systemic fungal infection?

A

Blastomycosis, Cryptococcosis

32
Q

What is happening in this calf and why is it important?

A

Pigmented macule with scale - if you see this DO NOT touch the calf

33
Q

What are the arrows pointing to?

A

Hyphae of dermatophytic fungi on a hair follicle

34
Q

What are common parasitic causes of dermatitis?

A

Arthropods, helminths, filaria

35
Q

What are examples of arthropods?

A

fleas and mites (demodex, sarcoptes)

36
Q

What are examples of helminths?

A

Habronema, hookworms

37
Q

What are examples of filaria?

A

Stephanofilaria

38
Q

What is happening here?

A

Generalized demodicosis due to Demodex canis; papular/nodular lesions are multiple pyogranulomas centered on hair follicles which contain mites

39
Q

What happens if demodex mites are too high in number?

A

Will elicit inflammation of the hair follicles

40
Q

What is seen at the ends of the black arrows?

A

Demodex canis

41
Q

What pathogens often cause a folliculitis/furunculosis pattern?

A

Dermatophytes, deep bacterial infection, demodex

42
Q

What are the common types of allergic skin disease?

A

Atopy, uticaria/angioedema, food allergies, flea allergies

43
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is involved in atopy?

A

Predominantly type I, contribution by type IV

44
Q

What is pruritus?

A

Uncomfortable, irritating sensation that creates an urge to scratch; Major contributor to inflammation caused by atopy

45
Q

What is pruritus caused by?

A

atopy

46
Q

What signs are associated with atopic dermatitis?

A

Acanthosis, perivascular inflammation in the dermis

47
Q

How can you treat atopic dermatitis?

A

Get rid of irritant, food trial, medicines, corticosteroids

48
Q

What does this cat have and why?

A

Crusts on skin around eyes, muzzle, and ears due to Pemphigus foliaceus

49
Q

What are the arrows pointing to and what cell type can be found within this?

A

Subcorneal pustule caused by pemphigus foliaceus; this will have acantholytic keratinocytes

50
Q

What autoimmune diseases have an interface pattern?

A

Systemic lupus and discoid lupus

51
Q

What are signs of systemic lupus erythematosus?

A

Skin, kidney, joints, fever, anemia

52
Q

What are signs of discoid lupus erythematosus?

A

Mild form, depigmentation, scale, crusts, localized to skin of face, common at nasal planum, often worse bc of solar-induced inflammation, COMMON

53
Q

What is this a representation of?

A

Discoid lupus erythematosus

54
Q

What is this and what is represented by the blue arrows?

A

Discoid lupus;

arrows point to the epidermal-dermal interface where the inflammatory cells are centered (interface dermatitis)

55
Q

What statements are true concerning allergic skin disease?

A. Is an autoimmune disorder

B. Often a mix of hypersensitivity responses

C. Involves an early immune response and a late immune response

D. Is caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus

A

B and C

56
Q

What inflammatory patterns are common in allergic disease such as atopy?

A

hyperplasia, perivascular

57
Q

T/F: Discoid lupus erythematosus has an interface pattern

A

True

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