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finals > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Hutchinsons sign

A

malignant melanoma sign on nail
Acral lentiginous

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2
Q

SCC risk factors

A

sun
actitinic keratosis and bowens
immunosuppression (kidney transplant, HIV)
Smoking
marjolins ulcer
xeroderma pigmentosum

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3
Q

Poor prognosis SCC

A

poorly differentiated tumor
>20mm in diameter
>4mm deep
immunosupression for whatever reason

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4
Q

Acral lentiginous melanoma sx

A

dark skin
non sun exposed areas eg nails palms soles

bob marley!

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5
Q

Cherry hemangioma other name and pathophys

A

campbell de morgan spots

abnormal proliferation of capillaries

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6
Q

Cherry hemangioma sx and tx

A

mc with advancing age

erythematous papular lesions
1-3mm
non blanching
not on mucous membranes

no tx - benign

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7
Q

upper lip carcinoma

A

BCC

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8
Q

lower lip carcinoma

A

SCC

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9
Q

BCC presentation

A

waxy pearly pap –> nod
+ telangiectasis

may later form central crater w rolled edges

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10
Q

SCC presentation and association

A

erythematous, thickened, scaling nodule
ulceration

asscociated w actinic keratosis and bowens

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11
Q

MC mets in melanoma

A

lung mets
then brain and liver

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12
Q

koebner phenomenom

A

skin lesions over the sight of inury ie injection site happens in

psoriasis
vitiligo
warts
lichen planus
lichen sclerosis

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13
Q

auspitz sign

A

scales that bleed when picking (psoriasis)

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14
Q

Gottrons papules

A

roughened red papules over the knuckles mainly, are seen in dermatomyositis

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15
Q

scalp psoriasis 1st line tx

A

potent topical corticosteroids

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16
Q

guttate psoriasis presentation

A

acute onset tear drop scaly papules on trunk and limbs

post strep throat

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17
Q

Hairy leukoplakia

A

EBV-associated white lesion on the side of the tongue, and is considered indicative of HIV

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18
Q

Keratoderma blennorrhagica

A

waxy yellow brown papules on palms and toes

symptom of reactive arthritis

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19
Q

reactive arthritis triad

A

can see, pee or climb a tree

conjunctivitis
urethritis
arthritis

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20
Q

what is tinea corporis

A

ringworm

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21
Q

lichen planus 1st tx

A

topical betamethasone 0.1%
or clobetasol

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22
Q

what is pellegra and what is it caused by

A

naicin (vit B3) deficiency caused by isonizid and more common in alcoholics

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23
Q

3 features of pellegra

A

dermatitis
diarohoea
death

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24
Q

dermatitis of pellegra

A

brown scaly rash on sun exposed sites
casal’s necklace if around neck

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25
Q

pemphigoid gestationis

A

pruritic blistering lesions

peri-umbilical region, later spreading to the trunk, back, buttocks and arms

oral corticosteroids

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26
Q

Discoid lupus erythematosus presentation

A

erythematous plaques on the face

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27
Q

behcets triad

A

Oral Ulcers
genital ulcers
anterior uveitis

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28
Q

actinic keratosis tx

A

topical
diclofenac
5-fluorouracil
imiquimod

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29
Q

verucca tx

A

salicylic acid

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30
Q

lice tx

A

malathion

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31
Q

primary herpes simplex infection presentation

incubation period

A

malaise
fever
extensive painful oral ulceration
with submandibular lymphadenopathy

2-20 days

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32
Q

ketoconazole adverse affect

A

gynecomastia

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33
Q

other name for spider naevi and what is it

A

spider angioma

central red papule w surrounding papule

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34
Q

how to tell telangiectasia from spider naevi

A

by pressing on them

Spider naevi fill from the centre,

telangiectasia from the edge .

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35
Q

spider naevi caused by

A

liver disease
pregnancy
COCP

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36
Q

atheletes foot other name and what what bug causes it

A

tinea pedis

dermatophytes like Trichophyton rubrum

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37
Q

What is athelets foot

A

a common fungal infection of the skin on the feet.

The image provided likely shows macerated, scaling skin between the toes, which is characteristic

38
Q

atheletes foot tx

A

Topical Miconazole

39
Q

what is bowens disease and tx

A

SCC in situ affecting epidermis

if left can become invasive - 5-fluoracil

40
Q

What does bowens look like

A

red, scaly, crusted patch on sun-exposed areas of the body

41
Q

how to differentiate SCC and bowens

A

SCC ulcerates, grows faster nd may bleed

42
Q

Severe burn and brisk haematemesis

A

Curlings Ucers (gastric)

43
Q

Scabies tx

A

permethrin cream

pt and all close contacts two doses

cream whole body one week apart

44
Q

allergic contact dermatitis ix

A

patch testing

45
Q

what is ezcema herpeticum who cops & tx

A

HSV 1 or 2

Young kids w atopic eczema

life threat!! admit for IV acyclovir

46
Q

erythema marginatum is?

A

rash associated with rheumatic fever

(one of major criteria)

47
Q

fungal infection when oral/topical treatment

A

scalp (tinee capitis)
nail (onchomycosis)
= oral terbinafine

corporis (body)
cruris (genital)
pedis (athelets foot)
= Topical

48
Q

impetigo tx when topical hydrogen peroxide unsuitable

A

topical fusidic acid

49
Q

electric high voltage burns =

tx

A

rhabdomyolosis –> acute tubular necrosis

aggressive ive fluids

50
Q

Circumfential burn =

A

compartment syndrome

51
Q

salmon patch

A

flat pink self resolves

52
Q

scabies sign

A

linear burrows

53
Q

livedo retularis

A

SLE

54
Q

diseases that have koebner phenomenon

A

psoriasis
vitiligo
molluscum contagiosum

warts
lichen planus
lichen sclerosis

55
Q

what is pompholyx

A

ezcema on hands and on feet precipitated by humidity and sweating and high temps

56
Q

pompholyx presentation n mx

A

small blisters on hands and toes

super itchy sometimes burning sensation

cool compress
emollient
topical steroids

57
Q

arterial ulcer presentation

A

burning in leg
over bony prominences

deep, dry, punched out ulcer

58
Q

atopic eruption of pregnancy presentation

A

MC dermatosis in pregnancy

2nd/3rd tri
itchy erythematous papules

face neck chest and extensor surfaces of the limbs

benign

59
Q

dermoid cyst and tx

A

embryo remnants

skin hair follices sweat glands etc lined by hair and squamous epithelium

often in midline

dumbell shape if linked to deeper structures

60
Q

causes of livedo reticularis

A

MC idipathic

SLE
polyarteritis nodosa
antiphospholipid

61
Q

alopecia areata presentation

A

well demarcated patches of hair loss
broken ‘exclamation mark’ hairs on edge

62
Q

used to calculate IV fluid vol post for 24hrs postburn

A

parkland formula

63
Q

erythema ab igne

Path

presentation and cause

A

over exposure infrared

reticulated erythematous patches
hyperpigmentation
talengiectasia

caused by open fires n hot water bottles

64
Q

erythema ab igne inc risk for

A

skin scc if cause not tx

65
Q

non sedating anti histamine

A

cetrizine

66
Q

sedating antihistamine

A

chlorphenamine

67
Q

1st line urticaria

A

non sedating antihistamine

then sedating

68
Q

sti ulcers

A

painful: herpes(mc) or chancroid
painless: syphillis more common than lymphogranuloma venereum

69
Q

genital herpes cause

A

HSV type 2

70
Q

cold sores

A

HSV type 1

71
Q

genital herpes tx

A

valaciclovir 10 days

72
Q

1st line chronic plaque psoriasis

A

topical betamethasone and topical calcipotriol

one in morning and one in night

(potent top sterioud and vit d analogue)

73
Q

most commonly affected dermatome in shingles

A

t1-l2

74
Q

break between topical steriod course in psoriasis pt

A

4 weeks

75
Q

lupus pernio asociation

A

sarcoidosis

76
Q

tx of MRSA carrier once identified

A

nasal mupirocin 2% in white soft paraffin tds for 5 days
skin chlorhexidine gluconate od 5 days
apply all over but esp axilla, groin, perineum

77
Q

eczema findings

A

erythematous
scaly
excoriations
lichenification

crust and weeping if infected

78
Q

ezcema tx

A

emmolients
topical steroids
sedating antihistamines
paste bandaging

more severe
tacrolimus (calcineurin)
phototherapy
oral steroids
immunosuppresants - steroids azathioprine methotrexate

79
Q

types of psoriasis

A

chronic plaque
guttate
flexural
pustular
erythrodermic

80
Q

where else to check for psoriasis

A

scalp
nails
other extensor surfaces

81
Q

1st line topical psoriasis tx

A

emmolients
steroids clobet for face n flexures bet for trunk and limbs
vit d analogue - calcipotriol
vit a anal - dithranol. taxarotene
coal tar

82
Q

scalp psoriasis tx

A

mild = coal tar shampoo

severe flare = potent steroid
then scale removal agent ie salicylic acid or emollient
then vit d analogue

83
Q

moderate psoriasis ie 2nd and 3rd line tx

A

2nd line phototherpy (UVB –> PUVA+UVA)

3rd line
methotrexate
ciclosporin in flares
acitretin
if still unresponsive = biologics

84
Q

psoriasis when to refer to dermatologist

A

Suspected generalised pustular psoriasis (emergency)
- Suspected erythrodermic psoriasis (emergency)
- Uncertainty about diagnosis
- Extensive involvement / more than 10% of body surface area affected
- Moderate or severe disease
- Resistance to topical drug treatments in primary care
- Intolerance to topical drug treatments in primary care
- Significant impact on physical, psychological or social wellbeing

85
Q

psoriatic arthritis when is pain worst

A

in the morning

86
Q

erthema multiforme

A

target lesions palms soles and limbs

1-2 wks after either ifxn or dx ie

SNAPP
sulphonanamides
NSAIDs
allopurinol
penicillin
phenytoin

87
Q

common places onhead for scc

A

ear lip

88
Q

shingles complication

A

post herpertic neuralgia

89
Q

pressure sores grade

A

g1 - non blanchinh erthema over intact skin

g2 - partial thickness skin loss

g3 - full thickness skin loss extending to sc fat

g4 - extensive destruction with involvement of muscle bone and supporting tissue

90
Q

rf pressure sores

A

smoking
obesity
cvd disease
neuro deficit
poor nutrition
immobilty

91
Q

pressure sore mx

A

nutrition
abx if infxn
regular dressings
pain relief
positioning
pressure releiing mattress/chair

92
Q
A

finals (28 decks)

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