derm Flashcards
Treatment of mild to moderate acne
12 weeks course in evening
Topical combination therapy of:
1. Adapalene + benzoyl peroxide
2. Benzoyl peroxide + clindamycin
3. Retinoids + clindamycin
Or topical benzoyl peroxide monotherapy
Acne may be classified into mild, moderate or severe. What are the differences
(a) Mild - comedones +/- sparse inflammatory lesions
(b) Moderate - widespread non-inflammatory lesions, papules and pustules
(c) Severe - extensive inflammatory lesiobs, nodules, pitting, scarring
target lesions are called
erythema multiforme
can be caused by viruses (HSV), NSAIDs, bacteria, penicillin, COCP, lupus, sarcoid, cancers
Pregnancy is a contraindication to which acne treatment
Topical and oral retinoid treatment
And oral Abx tetracyclines (use erthromycin)
Seborrhoeic dermatitis - an inflammatory reaction to which pathogen
Malassezia furfur
Two large vessel vasculitis
Temporal arteritis
Takayasu’s arteritis
Two medium vessel vasculitis
Kawasaki disease
Polyarteritis nodosa
Small vessel vasculitis
1. ANCA-associated - 3 types
2. Immune complex small-vessel vasculitis - 4 types
- ANCA-associated vasculitis
- Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)
- Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss)
- Microscopic polyangiitis - Immune complex small-vessel
- HSP
- Goodpasture’s (anti-GBM)
- Cryoglobulinaemic
- Hypocomplementic urticarial (anti-C1q)
Treatment of urticaria
- Non-sedating antihistamines
- Oral prednisolone for severe or resistant episodes
Perioral dermatitis should be treated with
topical or oral antibiotics
Gram-negative folliculitis may occur as a complication of long-term antibiotic use in acne. What can be used to treat this if this occurs?
High dose oral trimethoprim
Seborrhoeic dermatitis (malassezia furfur) treatment for:
(a) scalp
(b) face and body
Scalp
1. OTC zinc pyrithione (Head and Shoulders) and tar (Neutrogena T gel).
2. Second line ketoconazole
3. Selenium sulphide + topical steroids
Face + body
1. Topical antifungals - ketoconazole
2. Topical steroids
Treatment of Pityriasis versicolor (Malassezia furfur)
- Topical antifungal - ketoconazole shampoo
- If failure to respond to topical, then oral itraconazole + send scrapings
What is treatment for tinea capis
- Oral antifungals
- Terbinafine for trichophyton
- Giseofulvin for Microsporum - Topical ketoconazole for the first 2 weeks to reduce transmission
Tinea corporis (ringworm) pathogen causes
Trichophyton rubrum
Trichophyton verrucosum
Tinea corporis (ringworm) treatment
Oral fluconazole
Alopecia areata has localised, well demarcated patches of hair loss. What is the treatment
- Watch and wait - 50% grows back in 1 year, 80% eventually
- Topical or intralesional steroids
- Topical minoxidil
- Phototherapy
- Dithranol
- Contact immunotherapy
+ wigs
Microsporum canis (cats + dogs) can cause tinea capis. Under Wood’s lamp, what does Microsporum canis show
Green flurescence under Wood’s lamp
Pityriasis versicolor is a superficial cutaneous fungal infection caused by which pathogen
Malassezia furfur
same as seborrhoeic dermatitis
tinea capitis affects which part of body
scalp
Tinea capis is caused by what 2 fungus
Trichophyton tonsurans
Microsporum canis (cats + dogs)
tinea corporis affects which part of body
trunk, legs or arms
Two types of contact dermatitis and main differences
(a) Irritant - non-allergic, due to weak acids, alkalis. On the hands. Erythema but no crusting and no vesicles
(b) Allergic - type IV hypersensitivity. Often on the head after hair days. Acute weeping eczema on hairline, not scalp. Crusting + vesicles.
Rx: potent steroid
When are escharotomies indicated for burns
circumferential full thickness burns to the torso or limbs