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T4 Systems > Depression > Flashcards

Depression Flashcards

1
Q

sad, flat, bleak, “empty” mood can be symptoms of ________

A

depression

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2
Q

people suffering from depression can feel feelings of __________ and pessimism

A

hopelessness

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3
Q

__________, anhedonia: loss of interest or pleasure in activities/ pastimes that are usually enjoyed

A

apathy

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4
Q

______ ________; avoiding contact with friends and loved ones

A

self isolation

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5
Q

_____ _________: feelings of worthlessness, self recrimination, guilt

A

self loathing

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6
Q

______ ______, often uncontrollable crying in both children and adults

A

crying spells

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7
Q

T/F changes in appetite (Often decreased) are a symptom of depression

A

true

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8
Q

physical symptoms of depression can include ________, digestive upset, muscle tension and _____ ______ pain

A

headaches
low back pain

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9
Q

altered _______ cycle can stem from depression

A

menstrual

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10
Q

________ ideation is a symptom of depression

A

suicidal

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11
Q

T/F symptoms of anxiety and depression are often blurred and can go hand in hand

A

true

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12
Q

people with depression illness become _______ in a state of hopelessness, despondency and despair

A

stuck

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13
Q

__________ depression is usually defined as lasting more than two weeks - immediately defined if the person is suicidal, homicidal or completely unable to function

A

problem

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14
Q

feelings such as _________ paralysis, doom, worthlessness and __________ guilt can be symptoms of problem depression

A

emotional paralysis
inappropriate guilt

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15
Q

T/F any depressive episode or state is more likely defined as depressive illness if the person comes from a family with history of depression who have had similar episodes or states before

A

true

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16
Q

recurrence or chronicity of problem depression is usually called a _________ __________

A

depressive disorder

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17
Q

______ associated with depressive illness can mean that many people do not seek help

A

stigma

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18
Q

____-____% of the population will experience a depressive illness episode in their lifetime

A

20-25%

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19
Q

about ___% of the population is experiencing a depressive illness episode at any given time

A

10%

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20
Q

T/F depression is the leading cause of disability claims

A

true

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21
Q

_______ _______ are mental illnesses believed to be caused by a complex individualized mix of genetic, organic and environmental factors

A

depressive disorders

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22
Q

________ _________ (genetic predisposition) has a high correlation with depression in one or both parents

A

family tendency

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23
Q

__________ imbalances, are a demonstrable key factor resulting in depression

A

neurotransmitter

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24
Q

_______ _______ may be a cause of depression in people who have increased estrogen

A

hormonal influences

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25
Q

over use of _______ or ______ can be a cause of depression d/t CNS depressant effects

A

alcohol or drugs

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26
Q

__________ factors such as relationships, financial distress, illness etc may contribute to depression

A

situational

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27
Q

T/F some personality types are more depressive than others

A

true

28
Q

________ issues including experiences of abandonment, abuse etc can cause depression

A

childhood

29
Q

___________ depression, correlates with poorer baby interaction and bonding compromises nurturance, influencing baby’s chemistry

A

Postpartum

30
Q

__________ effects can lead to depression, especially prednisone, blood pressure medications or sleeping pills

A

medication

31
Q

depression may be a __________ effect to a disease or illness

A

secondary

32
Q

________ pain conditions cause neurotransmitter and endorphin depletion

A

chronic

33
Q

________ and _______ disorders have a higher correlation with depression

A

mood and learning

34
Q

T/F depression may stem from diet and nutritional factors

A

true

35
Q

__________ is a neurotransmitter that is/ can be depleted in cases of depression

A

serotonin

36
Q

T/F levels of vitamin D can have an effect on cases of depression

A

true

37
Q

the following individuals may exhibit low levels of _________ ____

elderly people
shift workers
housebound individuals
people with seasonal affective disorder

A

vitamin D

38
Q

low ______ ____ fatty acid intake can also contribute depression

A

omega 3

39
Q

T/F overuse of caffeine and overconsumption of cheese and dairy can contribute to depression

A

true

40
Q

depression takes place in the ________ system

A

limbic

41
Q

neurotransmitter imbalances are a central aspect of __________ neurochemistry

A

depression

42
Q

which of the following are NOT neurotransmitters involved in depression?

a) serotonin
b) GABA
c) norepinephrine
d) dopamine
e) all of the above are neurotransmitters involved in depression

A

e) all of the above are neurotransmitters involved in depression

43
Q

the initial depletion of important neurotransmitters may be caused by __________ circumstance or other factors in the person’s life

A

stressful

44
Q

T/F there is no genetic aspect in cases of depression

A

false

45
Q

most neurotransmitter replenishment occurs during ______ ______

A

deep sleep

46
Q

T/F sleep dysfunction in depression can lead to further complications

A

true

47
Q

when the range of neurotransmitters become unbalanced, this may give rise to a range of symptoms found in ___________ illness

A

depression

48
Q

_______ _________; when neurons become smaller they become less functional - these abnormalities occur primarily in vegetative, emotional and pain related pathways

A

neuron dystrophy

49
Q

T/F neuron dystrophy changes cannot be reversed

A

false - they can be reversed with a treatment of minimum 6 months

50
Q

__________ state - describes the autonomic systems that do not stop when one is in such a state

A

vegetative

51
Q

T/F neuron dystrophic changes are believed to make the brain more susceptible to becoming depressed in response to a new stressor

A

true

52
Q

T/F abdominal mx has nothing to do with depression

A

false - it can be helpful in cases of depression

53
Q

in a situation in which someone cannot restore these neurochemicals it not only effects their mood but also _________ ___________

A

central modulation

54
Q

weakened _________ ___________ is a key contributor to the pain and other physical discomfort symptoms that are a part of the clinical depression picture

A

central modulation

55
Q

__________ depression; persons signs and symptoms are consistently in the depressed mood range

A

unipolar

56
Q

________ or manic depression: a persons S/S cycle between depressive ones and elation/abnormally elevated moods

A

bipolar

57
Q

__________ depression; related to depressive symptoms/ episodes seen as having a primarily external cause; aka reactive depression

A

exogenous

58
Q

___________ depression relates to depression that is believed to be primarily caused by physiological factors in the person’s body, sometimes referred to as “organic”

A

endogenous

59
Q

__________/_________ depression is the depressive state that is primarily characterized by anhedonia

A

melancholy/melancholic

60
Q

__________depression; a severe depressive state including hallucinations and or delusions

A

psychotic

61
Q

___________/__________ depression; depressive states that have intermixed anxiety elements such as worried agitation, hypervigilance, panic

A

anxious/agitated

62
Q

____________ depression, a new term that describes the correlation between brain vascular changes, especially in the elderly and depressive symptoms

A

vascular

63
Q

_________ depression (MDD) is broadly defined as a combination of symptoms that interfere with the ability to work, sleep, study eat and enjoy once pleasurable activities

A

major

64
Q

T/F major depressive disorder is the classic melancholic depressive illness

A

true

65
Q

MDD is ________ and __________

A

unipolar and episodic

T4 Systems (9 decks)

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