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Osteology > Dentition - Week 3 > Flashcards

Dentition - Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Label the parts of the tooth

A
  1. eneamel
  2. dentine
  3. pulp
  4. gum
  5. cementum
  6. bone
  7. nerve (blood vessel above in red)
  8. crown
  9. root
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2
Q

mesial

A

towards the central incisors

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3
Q

distal

A

away from the central incisors

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4
Q

labial

A

referring to the side of the tooth near the lip

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5
Q

buccal

A

referring to the side of the tooth near the cheek

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6
Q

lingual

A

referring to the side of the tooth near the tongue

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7
Q

what is the dental formula for humans?

A

I:C:P:M
2:1:2:3

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8
Q

what is tooth notation?

A

starting with the letter for the side, then the letter for the type of tooth, and either a subscript for lower teeth or a superscript for upper teeth
- add in a lowercase d after the side for deciduous teeth

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9
Q

what is the universal numbering system?

A
  • dentists and oral surgeouns use this
  • anthropologists do not
    1 - 16 are the upper teeth while 17 - 32 represent the lower teeth
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10
Q

what are the steps to ID teeth?

A
  • what category?
  • is it permanent or deciduous?
  • is it upper or lower?
  • what is its location within its category?
  • what side is it from? - be sure to follow anatomical position
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11
Q

deciduous teeth

A
  • thinner enamel (greater cusp relief)
  • bulbous crowns relative to cervix
  • thinner and shorter roots relative to crown, giving it a waisted appearance - meaning crown is out of proportion with the cervix
  • splayed molar roots
  • thinner and shorter roots
  • partially resorbed roots
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12
Q

characteristics of upper incisors

A
  • mesiodistally broad crown
  • clear lingual relief
  • roots more circular in cross section
  • distal corner is curved while mesial corner is a sharp edge
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13
Q

characteristics of lower incisors

A
  • crowns narrow compared to height
  • subtle lingual topography
  • roots more mesiodistally compressed
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14
Q

upper canine characteristics

A
  • crown broad mesiodistally
  • apparent lingual relief
  • occlusal wear mostly lingual
  • disproportionally long root
  • scalloping on lingual side
  • wear the tooth down on the lingual side
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15
Q

lower canine characteristics

A
  • crown narrow relative to height
  • reduced lingual relief
  • occlusal wear mostly labial
  • wear the tooth down on the labial side
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16
Q

upper premolar characteristics

A
  • 2 cusps subequal in size
  • strong median grooves
  • ovoid in occlusal outline
  • buccal cusp is higher than lingual cusp
17
Q

lower premolar characteristics

A
  • cusps very unequal in size
  • weak or interrupted median grooves
  • circular in occlusal outline
  • mesial-lingual basin is smaller than distal-lingual basin
18
Q

label the parts of the molar

A
  1. protocone
  2. paracone
  3. metacone
  4. hypocone
19
Q

label the parts of the molar

A
  1. protoconid
  2. metaconid
  3. hypoconid
  4. entoconid
  5. hypoconulid
20
Q

upper molar characteristics

A
  • 4 cusps
  • 3 major roots - 2 of these roots will be on the buccal side
  • cusps asymmetrical relative to mesiodistal crown axis
  • rhomboidal in occlusal view
21
Q

lower molar characteristics

A
  • 5 cusps
  • 2 major roots
  • cusps symmetrical relative to mesiodistal crown axis
  • square or rectangular on occlusal view - longer mesiodistally than lingualbuccaly
22
Q

occlusal surface

A

top of the crown

23
Q

apical end

A

root end

24
Q

cervix

A

where the enamel ends and the root begins

25
Q

what is the most distal tooth?

A

third molar

26
Q

protoconid

A

buccal side

27
Q

protocone

A

lingual side

28
Q

paracone

A

mesial-lingual

29
Q

metaconid

A

distal to protoconid

30
Q

hypocone

A
  • distal-lingual corner of the upper molar
  • small, offset from the other 3 cusps with a large furrow
31
Q

entoconid

A

lingual-distal

32
Q

hypoconulid

A

buccal-distal edge of lower molar
- associated with the hypoconid

Osteology (11 decks)

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