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DHS2🎐 > dentinogenesis ლ(╹◡╹ლ) > Flashcards

dentinogenesis ლ(╹◡╹ლ) Flashcards

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1
Q

when does dentinogenesis begin

A

at late bell stage or early crown stage

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2
Q

what is the role of the inner enamel epithelium (IEE) and odontoblasts in tooth development?

A

🦋IEE → Odontoblast Differentiation:
The IEE signals dental papilla cells to differentiate into preodontoblasts, which mature into odontoblasts.
Signals include BMPs and TGF-β.

🦋Odontoblasts → Ameloblast Differentiation:
Odontoblasts produce predentin, which sends signals back to the IEE.
This feedback induces the IEE cells to differentiate into ameloblasts.

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3
Q

where does dentinogensis begin

A

cusp tip or incisal edge then spreads towards cervical region and in multicuspid teeth begins independently at sites of each cusp tip then spreads down cusp slopes

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4
Q

what changes occur when preodontoblasts differentiate into odontoblasts

A

🦋shape changes from ovoid to columnar

🦋increase in RER and GOLGI complex for protein synthesis

🦋nuclei will move to the base (polarization)

🦋several processes form at the apical end for matrix secretion

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5
Q

why do odontoblast become rich in proline

A

proline is essential for collagen synthesis, forms organic matrix of dentin.

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6
Q

what happens to odontoblast as they secrete collagen

A

move backward leaving behind their cytoplasmic extension called odontoblastic processes

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7
Q

what are the main components of predentin

A

glycine , alanine, and proline ( amino acids for collagen synthesis)
predentin is non mineralized collagen matrix which acts as a scaffold for calcification.

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8
Q

what role does alkaline phosphatase play in dentin mineralization

A

🦋increases the phosphate availability 🦋promoting mineral deposition

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9
Q

what type of PH environment is essential for dentin mineralization

A

alkaline PH is required for crystal growth

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10
Q

how is collagen fibers aligned in predentin and how is that important

A

🦋collagen fibers align perpendicular to DEJ
🦋this structure supports organized crystal deposition

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11
Q

what is role of Dentin Phosphoproteins DPP

A

🦋 bind large amounts of calcium
🦋anchor calcium to collagen
🦋initiate hydroxyapatite crystal formation

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12
Q

how do hydroxyapatite crystals grow within collagen fibrils

A

initially deposited as fine plates on collagen surfaces then will grow within collagen fibers with long axis of crystals parallel to collagen fibrils

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13
Q

peritubular

A

highly mineralized then intertubular dentin

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14
Q

how do hydroxyapatite crystals in dentin differ from that of enamel

A

dentin crystals are 300 times smaller than enamel crystals which makes dentin less mineralized and more flexible

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15
Q

how does mantle dentin mineralization occur

A

odontoblast release matrix vesicles that contain hydroxyapatite crystals then the vesicles will rupture and the crystals will cluster forming globular masses that fuse to calcify dentin

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16
Q

what pattern of mineralization is characteristic of mantle dentin

A

globular mineralization

17
Q

what are two types of mineralization in circumpulpal dentin

A

🦋globular ( calcospheric ) calcification: which can result in interglobular dentin if the masses fail to fuse

🦋linear mineralization :crystal growth from already mineralized dentin

18
Q

where is the interglobular most commonly found

A

between mantle and circumpulpal dentin

19
Q

when is secondary dentin formed

A

after root formation is completed

20
Q

what is the rate of secondary dentin formation

A

1 micrometer per day

21
Q

what distinguishes secondary dentin from primary dentin

A

it forms slower and has irregular organization of dentinal tubules creating demarcation line

22
Q

when is tertiary dentin formed

A

in response to injury or irritation

23
Q

how does the rate of tertiary dentin formation vary

A

increases with greater severity of injury

24
Q

what happens to odontoblast during rapid tertiary dentin

A

it gets trapped within matrix leading to distorted tubule pattern

25
Q

what structure starts odontoblast differentiation in root dentin

A

hertig epithelial root sheath HERS

26
Q

how is radicular dentin different from coronal dentin

A

🦋forms slower
🦋collagen fibers align parallel to DEJ
🦋less mineralized than coronal dentin

27
Q

what causes dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

🦋inherited structural deficiency in collagen formation
🦋 mutation in sialophosphoproteins DSPPG gene

28
Q

how does dentinnogenesis imperfecta affect dentinal tubules

A

become disoriented and irregular

29
Q

what happens to pulp chamber and root canals in dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

they are destroyed by abnormal dentin formation and leads to reduction pulp space

30
Q

how does tetracycline stain dentin

A

it has strong affinity for incorporation into bone and dentin during early development

31
Q

what are the color changes in tetracycline stained dentin

A

🦋initially yellow
🦋long term light exposure turns it grayish

32
Q

why should tetracycline not be given to children

A

it should not be given in long term dosages to children whose teeth are forming due to risk of staining

33
Q

when is fluoride incorporated into dentin

A

during active dentinogenesis

34
Q

what is the effect of fluorosis in dentin

A

increases hardness of dentin

35
Q

what dentin forms with age

A

secondary and tertiary dentin

36
Q

why do dentinal tubules narrow with age

A

🦋secondary Dentin: It is deposited over time and narrows the dentinal tubules by filling the space between them.

🦋peritubular Dentin: becomes more mineralized with age, surrounding the tubules and increasing their density, which contributes to the narrowing of the tubule lumen.

37
Q

sclerotic dentin

A

when tubules are filled with mineral as protective response reducing sensitivity

38
Q

how does sensitivity change with age

A

🦋narrowing of tubules
🦋formation of dead tracts which is tubules filled with air

39
Q

how many odontoblastic processes are exposed when 1mm of dentin is affected by caries?

A

30,000 exposed providing pathways for caries

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