Dental, Exotic, and Large Animal Radiography Flashcards
Dental radiology units generally produce smaller ___, but when repeat exposures are taken, the total exposure can become just as high as a standard X-ray unit
-Volumes of radiation
Most dental x-ray tube heads also contain a ___.
-Position indicating device (PID)
What does the PID do?
-Helps collimate the X-rays and provide less scatter radiation while the image is obtained
-Closer the PID is to the patient and film, the better the image will be due to the reduction in scatter radiation
What are the 3 types of image receptor devices?
-Film
-Digital sensors
-Phosphor plates
In dental radiography, fast film requires ___ radiation but results in an ___ in the grain of the image.
-Less
-Increase
Film types ___ are commonly used because they require less radiation to produce the image.
-D, E, and F
-D is most commonly used in veterinary medicine
Intraoral film comes in different speeds. The film also comes in different sizes, with size ___ being the most common.
-0, 2, and 4
-Size 2 is the most common
A significant advantage to digital dental radiology is the ___ reduction in radiation needed to produce the image
50%–90%
Size ___ is the most common sensor size for digital imaging, with some companies producing a size ___ sensor.
-2
-4
How do phosphor plate systems work?
-After the exposure has been taken, the plate is placed into a scanner that digitizes the image and transfers it onto the computer system
What are the benefits of a phosphor plate system?
-Ease of use
-Versatility
-Availability of multiple sizes of plates (from 0-6)
-No chemicals needed for processing
What are the drawbacks of a phosphor plate system?
-High initial cost of the unit
-Removing the plate for processing can make retakes more difficult to perform because identical replacement of the film in the oral cavity can be difficult
With chairside developers, films are usually ready to be read within ___, but may take ___ to be dry enough to store safely
-1 minute
-Hours
Depending on the size of the patient, felines usually require ___ films, whereas canines generally need ___.
-8
-12
The parallel technique is used to obtain images of what teeth?
-Mandibular fourth premolars and molar teeth in dogs and
-Mandibular fourth premolars and molars in cats
What are some positioning aids for exotics?
-Avian restraint boards
-Acrylic snake tubes
-Rodent restraint boxes
-Tape
-Sandbags
The ___ can be used to temporarily immobilize some large lizards
Vasovagal response
Gentle digital pressure applied to the ___ causes a brief period of inactivity in some patients
Orbits
___, such as intraoral films or mammography films, provide the best detail for imaging small exotic animals
Non-screen films
___units can also be used for many small exotic species
Dental radiology
Describe positioning and collimation for an avian lateral whole body view.
-Right lateral recumbency
-Neck extended
-Foam wedge to maintain head in alignment with body
-Wings extended dorsally
-Legs extended caudally
-Entire body should be visible within collimated area
Describe positioning and collimation for an avian ventrodorsal whole body view.
-Dorsal recumbency
-Neck extended and aligned with body
-Foam wedges to maintain alignment of sternum and spinal column
-Wings extended laterally
-Legs extended caudally
-Entire body should be visible within collimated area
Describe positioning and collimation for a reptilian lateral whole body view.
-Right lateral recumbency
-Forelimbs extended cranially and hindlimbs extended caudally
-Secure limbs and body with tape
Foam wedges to maintain lateral position
-Can also be completed with the horizontal beam with the animal placed on a translucent stand
-Entire body should be visible within collimated area
Describe positioning and collimation for a reptilian dorsoventral whole body view.
-Ventral recumbency
-Limbs lateral to the body
-Entire body should be visible within collimated area
