DENT 2060 Plaque Indices

Question 1

Plaque Index (PL I)

Answer 1

• assess thickness of biofilm at gingival area
• examine 4 surfaces of each tooth (D, F, M, L)
• dry, examine, evaluate biofilm only on cervical third
• 0 if running probe along gingival margin adheres no biofilm; 1 if biofilm adheres
• 2 moderate accumulation within pocket and gingival margin and seen with naked eye
• 3 abundance within pocket and gingival margin
• scores: each area 0-3, each tooth = areas/4, each group of teeth = teeth/number of teeth evaluated, each individual = all teeth/number of all teeth

Question 2

Plaque Control Record (O’Leary) (PCR)

Answer 2

• record for patient to visualize progress of biofilm control
• exam all teeth, 4 areas and sometimes 6 instead
• give disclosing agent, examine and record
• hand mirror for patient to see
• formula = [total number parts biofilm divided by (6 times number of teeth present)] multiplied by 100 = % score
• ideal 0%, to 10%

Question 3

Plaque-Free Score

Answer 3

• determine location, number and percentage of biofilm-free surfaces to motivate/instruct patient
• all erupted teeth
• 4 surfaces (D, F, M, L)
• use disclosing agent, examine and record (in red)
• Probe
• Circles for interproximal bleeding on probing
• hand mirror for patient to see
• formula = (number of biofilm-free surfaces times 100) divided by number of available surfaces = % of biofilm-free surfaces
• ideal 100%, 61.5% is poor
• in health, no bleeding on probing occurs

Question 4

Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP)

Answer 4

• assess biofilm and debris over tooth surface
• No. 3, 8, 14, 19, 24, 30
• substitute: 2nd molar for 1st, 3rd if 2nd is missing, adjacent central if incisor is missing
• surfaces: facial of incisors and max molars; lingual of mand molars
• use disclosing agent, examine
• five sections, score 1-5 on each tooth
• PHP for individual: scores for individual teeth totaled and divided by number of teeth examined
• excellent, good, fair, poor (0; .1-1.7; 1.8-3.4; 3.5-5.)

Question 5

Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S)

Answer 5

*assess oral cleanliness of tooth surfaces with debri and/or calculus
*Simplified Debris index and Simplified Calculus index
*No. 3, 8, 14, 19, 24, 30
*substitute first fully erupted molar after premolars or adjacent centrals
facial or lingual including proximals
debris0 is no debris or stain
*1 not more than one third, or stain w/o debris
*2 more than one third but not more than two thirds
3 more than two thirds
calculus0 none
*1 supra - one third
*2 supra - one third to two thirds, or flecks sub
*3 supra - more than two thirds, or heavy band sub
*scores average and divide by number of sextants (separate debris and calculus scores)
*excellent, good, fair, poor (0; .1-.6; .7-1.8; 1.9-3)

Question 6

Volpe-Manhold Index (V-MI)

Answer 6

• measures only supragingival calculus, approximate height of calculus
• periodontal probe w/mm markings
• probe bisects ML, DL, and direct lingual surfaces and height of calculus is measured and averaged
• surfaces added and divided by 3 = tooth score
• tooth scores added and averaged by number of teeth measured is individual score

Question 7

Ramjford teeth

Answer 7

#s 3, 9, 12, 19, 25, 28
(right maxillary first molar, left maxillary central incisor, left maxillary first premolar, left mandibular first molar, right mandibular central incisor, right mandibular first premolar)