DEMOGRAPHY-EFFECTS OF LOWER BIRTH AND FERTILITY RATES Flashcards
How is smaller family sizes an effect of lower birth and fertility rates on family and society ?
- Average nuclear family has between 1 or 2 children
- Lower birth rates contribute towards the formation of a beanpole family:family unit where there is 3 or more generations alive at one time.Each generation getting smaller in size, creating taller but thin family structure
- Created through a combination of fewer children being born and older people living longer
Evaluation of smaller family sizes
+allows families to develop binds with children
-smaller family sizes could be connected to things such as loneliness
How is the impact on dependency ratio effected lower birth and fertility rates
Depenedency ratio:number of people in the population who are in paid employment compared to the number of people that aren’t therefore dependent on those who are.Children are included in this
- If birth rates are lower this leads to reduction in size of the dependent ratio as there are fewer people depending on those in paid employment (short term)
- If fewer babies are born today it means that there will be fewer people of working age, in the working population in the future (long term)
Evaluation of dependency ratio
+reduced dependency
-fewer workers means fewer taxs,could effect economy and socially
How has policies and public services effected lower birth and fertility rates ?
- Large number of governmental policies and public services which are developed for need of infants, children and young people in mind eg-child benefits
- Annual birth rate determines for the government how much demand there will be for each service and how much the provisions of those services will cost each year
Evaluation of policies and public services
+Lower birth rates reduces financial burden on society
-Birth rates fluctuate if they go up the quality of service provision is poorer due to funding being cut
