Dementia/Delerium

Question 1

MCI vs Dementia

Answer 1

MCI doesn’t affect ADL’s.

Question 2

Dementia definition (AKA Major neurocognitive disorder)

Answer 2

Progressive cognitive impairment in clear consciousness. Decline from previous level of functioning. Small # may be reversible.

Question 3

Cognitive domains implicated in major neurocognitive disorder?

Answer 3

Calculation, executive function, attention, language, memory.

Question 4

Risk factors for dementia

Answer 4

Age, gender, vascular (HT, CV disease, obesity, diabetes, HL, CHF), alcohol/diet, genetics

Question 5

Subcortical dementias

Answer 5

HIV, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, MS

Question 6

Metabolic causes of Dementia

Answer 6

B12, thiamine, Wilson’s, hypothyroidism, mercury, lead, alcohol

Question 7

Most common cause of dementia?

Answer 7

Alzheimer’s, then lewy-body dementiaWhere

Question 8

Alzheimer’s disease presentation and course

Answer 8

Onset typically after age 65. Insidious onset, memory impairment+1 other cognitive deficit.

Question 9

Dementia with Lewy Bodies

Answer 9

Fluctuating cognition, visual hallucinations, spontaneous parkinsonism

Question 10

Where are lewy bodies present in DLB?

Answer 10

All over cortex, as opposed to just substantia nigra in PD

Question 11

Pick’s Disease

Answer 11

Fronto-temporal dementia (tau-opathy). Personality and affect changes. Causes frontal atrophy

Question 12

Reversible causes of dementia

Answer 12

NPH, Thyroid, B12, Neurosyphalis, Depression, Tumor

Question 13

Delirium

Answer 13

Waxes and wanes, caused by a general medical condition, not accounted for by established dementia. Clouded sensorium, agitated or stuporous.